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Insecticides

Insecticides. How Do Insecticides Kill Pests?. 1. Stomach Poison. This chemical is sprayed or dusted on the plant. It kills the insect when it eats some of the poison. 2. Which of the following types of insects are controlled with stomach poisons?. Chewing Mouth Parts. 3. Contact Poison.

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Insecticides

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  1. Insecticides

  2. How Do Insecticides Kill Pests?

  3. 1. Stomach Poison

  4. This chemical is sprayed or dusted on the plant. It kills the insect when it eats some of the poison.

  5. 2. Which of the following types of insects are controlled with stomach poisons? Chewing Mouth Parts

  6. 3. Contact Poison Kills pest when it contacts the insect.

  7. 4. Which of the following types of insects are controlled with contact poisons? Sucking Mouth Parts

  8. 5. Systemic

  9. Chemicals that enter the plant sap and move throughout the plant.Kills insects that eat part of the plant or suck plant juices.

  10. 6. Which of the following types of insects are controlled with systemic poisons? Those with sucking mouth parts And Those with chewing mouth parts

  11. 7. Which type of insecticide is most effective for controlling insects that hide under leaves? Systemic

  12. 8. Fumigant

  13. These chemicals are actually contact poisons applied in gaseous form.The poison enters the insect through its breathing pores.These are very effective in greenhouses.

  14. 9. What is the general type of insects controlled with fumigants? Soil-borne insects like weevil and june beetle grubs (larva).

  15. 10. Repellent

  16. These chemicals do not usually kill the insects.They drive them away before they attack the plant.

  17. 11. How can attractants and pheromones be used to control pests?

  18. These chemicals are used to lure the insect to a trap or other method of elimination.

  19. The Chemical Makeup of Insecticides

  20. 12. What are the three main groups of insecticides? • Inorganic compounds • Organic compounds • Synthetic organic compounds

  21. 13. How are inorganic compounds made?

  22. Inorganic compounds are made from minerals. Sulfur is one example of a mineral used to make insecticides.

  23. 14. How are organic compounds made?

  24. Organic compounds are derived from plants.They are much safer than inorganic compounds.Two examples are Rotenone and Pyrethrum.

  25. 15. How are synthetic organic compounds made?

  26. Synthetic organic compounds are from natural sources, but they are made into pesticides the laboratory.This group contains- Chlorinated Hydrocarbons Organophosphates Carbamates

  27. 16. List the 3 synthetic organic compounds • Chlorinated Hydrocarbons • Organophosphates • Carbamates

  28. Chlorinated Hydrocarbons

  29. 17. What is the main problem with chlorinated hydrocarbons? These insecticides have long residual control. The poison builds up in the environment and in the bodies of animals. An example is DDT, which is banned in the USA.

  30. 18. What is DDT and why was is banned in the USA? 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1,-trichloroethane, chlorinated hydrocarbon compound used as an insecticide. First introduced during the 1940s, it killed insects that spread disease and feed on crops. Swiss scientist Paul Müller was awarded the 1948 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering (1939) DDT's insecticidal properties. DDT, however, is toxic to many animals, including humans, and it is not easily degraded into nonpoisonous substances and can remain in the environment and the food chain for prolonged periods. By the 1960s its harmful effects on the reproductive systems of fish and birds were apparent in the United States, where the insecticide had been heavily used for agricultural purposes. After the United States banned its use in 1972, the wildlife population returned, particularly the bald eagle and the osprey.

  31. 19. What is the main problem with the Organophosphate insecticides? Organophosphates are a group of insecticides that are some of the most toxic to warm-blooded animals including humans.There are also some fairly safe chemicals in this group.

  32. 20. What is it called when a chemical builds up in animal tissues and becomes deadly? (Not in book) Biological Magnification

  33. 21. What is the name of the organophosphate pesticide that is so toxic that 1 drop in a person’s eye can be fatal? Parathion

  34. 22. Which group of pesticides is the safest and why? Carbamates Break down rapidly Leave no residue

  35. 23. Dust Like a powder Be careful of drift. Dusts can drift onto other plants, onto animals, or people, they can also contaminate the environment.

  36. Ready for some serious dusting!

  37. 24. Wettable Powder (WP) Powder that must be diluted with water.

  38. 25. Emulsifiable Concentrate (EC) Liquid concentrates that are mixed with water.

  39. 26. Granules Small pellets.Spread on the soil surface.Absorbed by plant roots.

  40. 27. Bait Poisons that attract insects.Used for slugs, snails, cutworms, grasshoppers.

  41. 28. Aerosol Insecticide in a pressurized can.Sprays a fine mist.Can also be used as “bombs” or fumigants.

  42. Types of Insecticide Application Equipment

  43. Back Pack Sprayer

  44. Hose Sprayer

  45. Motorized Tank Sprayer

  46. Boom Sprayer

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