American Politics

American Politics In a Nutshell

AGENT INSTITUTIONS STRUCTURE ECONOMICS CULTURE

INSTITUTIONS STRUCTURE ECONOMICS CULTURE

Arend Lijphart, Patterns of Democracy, Yale University Press, 1999 INSTITUTIONS Andrew Roberts, “What Kind of Democracy Is Emerging in Eastern Europe?” Post-Soviet Affairs, 2006, 22(1): 37–64

Lijphart: Two Dimensions Concentrated politics Executive Parties Divided politics • Divided Concentrated • institutions institutions

Lijphart: Executive-Parties Dimension Concentrated Divided How much control canparty have over government? High Low http://wikisum.com/w/Lijphart:_Patterns_of_democracy#The_Executive-Parties_Dimension:_Details

Lijphart: Executive-Parties Dimension Concentrated Divided Electoral System Party System Cabinets Executive-Legislature Interest Groups High Low http://wikisum.com/w/Lijphart:_Patterns_of_democracy#The_Executive-Parties_Dimension:_Details

Lijphart: Executive-Parties Dimension Concentrated Divided Electoral System Party System Cabinets Executive Interest Groups http://wikisum.com/w/Lijphart:_Patterns_of_democracy#The_Executive-Parties_Dimension:_Details

Lijphart: Executive-Parties Dimension Concentrated Divided Electoral System Party System Cabinets Executive-Legislature Interest Groups http://wikisum.com/w/Lijphart:_Patterns_of_democracy#The_Executive-Parties_Dimension:_Details

As compared to the United States, 1946-2001 Republicans Third Parties Democrats 1946 1950 1954 1958 1962 1966 1970 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1994 1998

2. Number and size of political parties worldwide

3b. Stability of support for political parties worldwide

Lijphart: Executive-Parties Dimension Concentrated Divided Electoral System Party System Cabinets Executive-Legislature Interest Groups American interest groups are divided, magnifying the centralization of the American Executive-Parties dimension http://wikisum.com/w/Lijphart:_Patterns_of_democracy#The_Executive-Parties_Dimension:_Details

Lijphart: Executive-Parties Dimension Concentrated Divided Electoral System Party System C-Legislature Interest GroupsA An element not in Lijphart: Party Organization http://wikisum.com/w/Lijphart:_Patterns_of_democracy#The_Executive-Parties_Dimension:_Details

Leadership in political parties: United States and Slovakia One Person Rule Multiple Centers of Power Factions Reform (2000) Republicans Democrats Perot (1992) SNS Slota Smer Fico SDKU SMK KDH None HZDS Meciar

Lijphart: Executive-Parties Dimension Concentrated Divided Electoral System Party System Cabinets Executive-Legislature Interest Groups Party Organization http://wikisum.com/w/Lijphart:_Patterns_of_democracy#The_Executive-Parties_Dimension:_Details

Lijphart: Unitary-Federal Dimension Concentrated politics Divided politics • Divided Concentrated • institutions institutions

Lijphart: Unitary-Federal Dimension How much can government change policy? Are there mechanisms to preserve the “minority's” voice/rights? High Low http://wikisum.com/w/Lijphart:_Patterns_of_democracy#The_Executive-Parties_Dimension:_Details

Lijphart: Unitary-Federal Dimension Concentrated Divided High Low http://wikisum.com/w/Lijphart:_Patterns_of_democracy#The_Executive-Parties_Dimension:_Details

Lijphart: Unitary-Federal Dimension Concentrated Divided Legislative Unity Regional Dependence Bank Dependence Judicial Dependence Constitutional Maleability http://wikisum.com/w/Lijphart:_Patterns_of_democracy#The_Executive-Parties_Dimension:_Details

Lijphart: Executive-Parties Dimension Electoral System Party System Cabinets Executive-Legislature Interest Groups Concentrated Divided http://wikisum.com/w/Lijphart:_Patterns_of_democracy#The_Executive-Parties_Dimension:_Details

Lijphart: Two Dimensions Concentrated politics Divided politics • Divided Concentrated • institutions institutions

INSTITUTIONS STRUCTURE CULTURE ECONOMICS

Byron E. Shafer and William J.M. Claggett, The Two Majorities, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995. Byron E. Shafer and William J.M. Claggett , The American Public Mind: The Issues Structure of Mass Politics in the Postwar United States, Cambridge University Press, 2010. STRUCTURE CULTURE ECONOMICS

What do you do? Behavior/ Politics What doyou think? Attitudes Who are you? Demographics

Race Religion Catholic or High Protestant Not Christian Low Protestant College Graduates Not African-American African-American 13% Not African-American 87% Some College High School Graduates High School Dropouts

Race Religion Religion Catholic or High Protestant Not Christian Low Protestant African-American 13% Not Christian 10% Funda- mentalist 21% Catholic or High Protestant 56% High School Graduates

Race Religion Religion Catholic or High Protestant Education Not Christian Low Protestant College Graduate 10% African-American 13% Not Christian 10% Funda- mentalist 21% Some College 14% Secondary Grad. 19% Secondary Dropout12%

What do you do? Behavior/ Politics What doyou think? Attitudes Who are you? Demographics

Against abortion Against defense cuts Against homosexuality For assisting the needy For banning dangerous books Easy police searches Care for others Equal rights not achieved For Affirmative Action Aid To Farmers For National Health Care For prayer in school For retirement programs Limits on free speech For assisting African-Americans Provide food/shelter Peace through strength For missile defense

American Politics