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12.2 Grouping the Elements

12.2 Grouping the Elements. This is the stuff you need to know about the periodic table ………. Alkali Metals ----- group 1. All metals Outer shell electrons 1 Most reactive! Found only in compounds. Sodium Chloride = NaCl is table salt , yummy…………….

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12.2 Grouping the Elements

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  1. 12.2 Grouping the Elements This is the stuff you need to know about the periodic table ………..

  2. Alkali Metals -----group 1 • All metals • Outer shell electrons 1 • Most reactive! Found only in compounds. • Sodium Chloride = NaCl is table salt, yummy……………. • Potassium Bromide = used to make film in photography.

  3. Alkaline- Earth Metals -----group 2 • All metals • OSE (outer shell electrons) = 2 • Reactive, less than alkali’s • Magnesium is used to make airplanes in alloys • Calcium is found in cement, chalk, and you. • Calcium needed for strong teeth and bones

  4. Transition Elements -- groups 3- 12 • All metals • OSE = 1 or 2 • Mercury = only liquid at room temp. • Titanium = not reactive • Iron = very reactive • Lanthanides - some used to make steel • Actinides are all radioactive !

  5. Boron ----- group 13 • 1 metalloid, 4 metals • OSE = 3 • Aluminum = most abundant metal in earth’s crust. • Used in making car parts, foil, cans, siding, air planes.

  6. Carbon ------ group 14 • 1 nonmetal, 2 metalloids, 2 metals • OSE = 4 • Carbon = important for almost all living things! Used in making proteins, fats, carbohydrates. • Carbon- diamonds–made of it, shiny! And soot used to make pigments. • Germanium and silicon used to make computer chips.

  7. Nitrogen ------- group 15 • 2 nonmetals, 2 metalloids, 1 metal • OSE = 5 • Nitrogen – makes 80% of air you breathe. • Nitrogen also used to make fertilizer.

  8. Oxygen ------ group 16 • 3 nonmetals, 1 metalloid, 1 metal • OSE = 6 • Oxygen makes up about 20% of air you breathe. • Sulfur used to make sulfuric acid.

  9. Halogens ----- group 17 • All nonmetals • OSE = 7 • Very reactive • Combine with metals. • Chlorine and Iodine both used as disinfectants. • Chlorine placed in H2O. Iodine mixed with alcohol in hospitals.

  10. Group 18 ----- Noble Gases • All nonmetals • OSE = 8 Happy Elements! • Unreactive • Helium used in balloons and blimps • Argon fills light bulbs • Neon, Xenon, Krypton used to make neon lights, signs

  11. Hydrogen ------ not a group  • Nonmetal • OSE = 1 • Reactive • Hydrogen = found in stars, and most abundant element in the universe.

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