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Whole Body Terms Dr. Michael P. Gillespie

Whole Body Terms Dr. Michael P. Gillespie. Chapter Goals. Define terms that apply to the structural organization of the body. Identify the body cavities and recognize the organs contained within those cavities. Locate and identify the anatomical and clinical divisions of the abdomen.

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Whole Body Terms Dr. Michael P. Gillespie

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  1. Whole Body Terms Dr. Michael P. Gillespie

  2. Chapter Goals • Define terms that apply to the structural organization of the body. • Identify the body cavities and recognize the organs contained within those cavities. • Locate and identify the anatomical and clinical divisions of the abdomen. • Locate and name the anatomical divisions of the back.

  3. Chapter Goals • Become acquainted with terms that describe positions, directions, and planes of the body. • Identify the meanings for new word elements and use them to understand medical terms.

  4. Structural Organization of the Body • CELLS • TISSUES • ORGANS • SYSTEMS

  5. Structural Organization of the Body Cells—Fundamental units of all living things • Major parts of a cell include: • chromosomes • nucleus • cell membrane • cytoplasm

  6. Structural Organization of the Body • CELL—the fundamental unit of all living things

  7. Study Section 1 • metabolism • anabolism • catabolism • cell membrane • chromosomes • cytoplasm • DNA • endoplasmic reticulum • genes • karyotype • metabolism • mitochondria • nucleus

  8. Structural Organization of the Body • Cells are specialized to carry out individual functions. • Some cell types • Epithelial cell • Fat cell • Nerve cell • Muscle cell

  9. Structural Organization of the Body

  10. Structural Organization of the Body Tissues • Different tissue types include: • Epithelial Tissue • Muscle Tissue • Connective Tissue • Nerve Tissue

  11. Structural Organization of the Body • Organs: Different types of tissue combine to form an organ • Systems: Groups of organs working together to perform complex functions

  12. Study Section 2 • adipose tissue • cartilage • epithelial cells • histologist • larynx • pharynx • pituitary gland • thyroid gland • trachea • ureter • urethra • uterus • viscera

  13. Body Cavities and Organs Cavity Organ(s) Cranial Thoracic Abdominal Pelvic Spinal Brain Lungs and heart Stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, pancreas Portions of the small and large intestines, bladder, rectum Nerves of the spinal cord

  14. Body Cavities • Identify the body cavities in the figure

  15. Body Cavities • Body cavities are the spaces within the body that contain internal organs (viscera).

  16. QUICK QUIZ: • Which body cavity contains the pleural cavity and the mediastinum? • cranial • pelvic • spinal • thoracic

  17. QUICK QUIZ: • Which body cavity contains the peritoneum? • abdominal • pelvic • spinal • thoracic

  18. Organs of theAbdominopelvic and Thoracic Cavities

  19. Organs of the Abdominopelvicand Thoracic Cavities

  20. Study Section 3 • abdominal cavity • cranial cavity • diaphragm • dorsal (posterior) • mediastinum • pleura • pleural cavity • spinal cavity • thoracic cavity • ventral (anterior)

  21. AbdominopelvicRegions Regions • Right Hypochondriac region • Left Hypochondriac region • Epigastric region • Right Lumbar region • Left Lumbar region • Umbilical region • Right Inguinal region • Left Inguinal region • Hypogastric region

  22. AbdominopelvicRegions

  23. AbdominopelvicRegions

  24. AbdominopelvicQuadrants • Quadrants • Right upper quadrant (RUQ) • Left upper quadrant (LUQ) • Right lower quadrant (RLQ) • Left lower quadrant (LLQ)

  25. Abdominopelvic Quadrants

  26. AbdominopelvicQuadrants

  27. Anatomical Divisions of the Back • Cervical • Thoracic • Lumbar • Sacral • Coccygeal

  28. Anatomical Divisions of the Back

  29. Anatomical Divisions of the Back

  30. QUICK QUIZ: • Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the central region near the navel. • inguinal • umbilical • lumbar • hypochondriac

  31. QUICK QUIZ: • Name the abdominopelvic region that is located in the lower middle below the umbilical region. • inguinal • epigastric • lumbar • hypogastric

  32. Positions, Directions, and Planes of the Body Positional and Directional Terms • Anterior (ventral) • Posterior (dorsal) • Deep • Superficial • Proximal • Distal • Inferior • Superior

  33. Positional and Directional Terms

  34. Positional and Directional Terms

  35. Positions, Directions, and Planes of the Body • Positional and Directional Terms (cont’d) • Medial • Lateral • Supine • Prone

  36. Positions, Directions, and Planes of the Body • Planes of the Body • Frontal (coronal) • Sagittal (lateral) • Transverse (cross-sectional or axial)

  37. Positional and Directional Terms

  38. Positional and Directional Terms

  39. Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning abdomin/o abdomen adip/o fat anter/o front bol/o to cast (throw)

  40. Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning cervic/o neck (of the body or uterus) chondr/o cartilage chrom/o color coccyg/o coccyx (tailbone)

  41. Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning crani/o skull cyt/o cell dist/o far, distant dors/o back portion of the body

  42. Combining Forms, Suffixes and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning hist/o tissue ili/o ilium (of the pelvic bone) inguin/o groin kary/o nucleus

  43. Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning later/o side lumb/o lower back medi/o middle nucle/o nucleus

  44. Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning pelv/i pelvis poster/o back, behind proxim/o nearest sacr/o sacrum

  45. Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning sarc/o flesh spin/o spine, backbone thel/o nipple thorac/o chest trache/o trachea, windpipe

  46. Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning umbilic/o navel, umbilicus ventr/o belly side of the body vertebro vertebra(e), backbone(s) viscer/o internal organs

  47. Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Combining Form Meaning ana- up cata- down epi- above hypo- below inter- between meta- change

  48. Combining Forms, Suffixes, and Prefixes Suffix Meaning -ealpertaining to -iacpertaining to -iorpertaining to -ism process, condition -osepertaining to, full of -plasmformation -somesbodies -type picture, classification

  49. QUICK QUIZ: • Which term means process of cutting the skull? • thoracotomy • craniotomy • diskectomy • arthroscopy

  50. Pronunciation Guide Review • ā as in āpe • ē as in ēven • ī as in īce • ō as in ōpen • ū as in ūnit • ă as in ăpple • ĕ as in ĕvery • ĭ as in ĭnterest • ŏ as in pŏt • ŭ as in ŭnder

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