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Tsunami-driven Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances ( TIDs )

Tsunami-driven Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances ( TIDs ). From Artru et al., 2005. Motivation: Why add ionospheric observations?. DART buoy system is expensive: ~$250,000 per buoy to build

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Tsunami-driven Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances ( TIDs )

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  1. Tsunami-driven Traveling IonosphericDisturbances (TIDs) From Artru et al., 2005

  2. Motivation:Why add ionospheric observations? • DART buoy system is expensive: • ~$250,000 per buoy to build • DART system cost $12 M to maintain/operate in 2009 (28% of NOAA’s total tsunami-related budget)* • Buoys are sparsely distributed, temperamental • Data available 84% of time, outages due to harsh weather, human error* • GPS Receivers are more abundant, multi-use, low-cost • Additional means of observing tsunamis over a broader area could help to validate and improve theoretical model predictions, contributing to tsunami early warning system. *Government Accountability Office (GAO) report, April 2010 http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-10-490

  3. Regional Networks GEONET Array Source: Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array Center (SOPAC) GPS Data Archive, UCSD http://sopac.ucsd.edu/cgi-bin/somi4i Source: Japanese GPS Earth Observation Network (GEONET) Array Over 1200 stations http://terras.gsi.go.jp/gps/geonet_top.html

  4. Streaming 1-second data availability Currently up to 130 stations worldwide providing 1-second realtime data. http://www.gdgps.net/, ftp://cddis.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/gps/data/highrate

  5. American Samoa Tsunami 9/29/09ObservednearHawaii (zoomed in) NOAA MOST tsunami model (background) Variations in ionospheric total electron content (colored dots)

  6. American Samoa Tsunami 9/29/09 Observed at Hawaii (zoomed out) NOAA MOST tsunami model (background) Variations in ionospheric total electron content (colored dots) Galvan et al., 2011 (submitted)

  7. Chile Tsunami 2/27/10Observed at Japan NOAA MOST tsunami model (background) Variations in ionospheric total electron content (colored dots)

  8. Summary • Tsunami-driven TID’s observed via GPS TEC after the American Samoa Tsunami of 9/29/2009 and the Chilean tsunami of 2/27/2010. (Galvan et al., submitted) • Models predict tsunami-driven TID’s. (Occhipinti et al., 2008; Hickey et al., 2009; Mai and Kiang, 2009). • Observations: Typically ~0.1 – 0.5 TECU. • 30-second archived data AND 1-second real-time data available for study, both ground-based and LEO (COSMIC). • Long-term potential for warning system.

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