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Chapter 11, Section 2 Notes

Chapter 11, Section 2 Notes. Title : Victory at San Jacinto Main Idea : The Texas army defeated Santa Anna at the Battle of San Jacinto. Key Terms : calvary, flank, infantry. I. The Eve of Battle.

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Chapter 11, Section 2 Notes

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  1. Chapter 11, Section 2 Notes Title: Victory at San Jacinto Main Idea: The Texas army defeated Santa Anna at the Battle of San Jacinto. Key Terms: calvary, flank, infantry

  2. I. The Eve of Battle On April 20, the Texans set camp at Buffalo Bayou where it joins the San Jacinto River. A wide prairie extended in front of the camp. The Mexican army was camped less than a mile in a poor location vulnerable to attack. That same afternoon, a private from Georgia named Mirabeau B. Lamar distinguished himself in the fighting of a small skirmish with the Mexicans. Because of this he was named to lead the Texas cavalry (mounted horse soldiers)

  3. II. San Jacinto Soldiers from Varied Backgrounds A. Juan Seguin commanded 20-30 Tejanos. Jose Antonio Menchaca acted as a spokesperson for those who couldn’t speak English. At first, Houston wanted them to guard the camp; but he admired their courage and allowed them to fight. Overall, about a 1000 various men arrived to fight for Texas

  4. III. Houston Calls a Council of War On April 21, General Cos arrived in the morning at the Mexican camp with 540 inexperienced soldiers. They were allowed time to eat and rest. It was “siesta” time! Santa Anna did not post enough guards.

  5. III. Houston Calls a Council of War Meanwhile, Houston ordered Deaf Smith and Henry Karnes to destroy the bridge across Vince’s Bayou in order to cut off a path of retreat for both Texas and Mexican armies. He called a Council of War to determine time of attack; but disagreement arose on whether or not they should attack directly or wait defensively.

  6. IV. “Remember the Alamo!” At 3:30pm, General Houston ordered his officers to assemble the troops for an immediate attack. Sidney Sherman moved on the far left flank. Edward Burleson moved on the right. George W. Hockley moved on the center. Henry Millard led 4 infantry units. Lamar led the cavalry on the far right and were told to cut off the Mexicans’ path when they attempted to flee. Houston drew his sword and led the attack.

  7. IV. “Remember the Alamo!” B. The Texans used the “Twin Sisters” to attack Mexican fortifications and they easily stormed through enemy lines. (see battle map on p. 254) The 2 battle cries of the Texans were “Remember the Alamo!” and “Remember Goliad!”. Most Mexicans were ill-prepared and unarmed as the surprise attack ensued. Some were resting, others gathered firewood or watered their horses. Total confusion resulted.

  8. IV. “Remember the Alamo!” Result? The battle last for only 18 minutes! Fact or Legend? Santa Anna was lured into his tent before the battle by a mulatto (mixed) slave named Emily Morgan. She becomes known as the “YellowRose of Texas”. When the battle begins, Santa Anna suddenly leaves and disappears with no weapons or armor

  9. V. The Mexicans Suffer Heavy Losses A. Texans Fewer than 10 killed or fatally wounded. 30 Texans injured including Sam Houston, whose right ankle was shattered by a Mexican musket ball. Ad-interim vice-president Lorenzo de Zavala opened his home as a temporary hospital for both wounded Texan and Mexican troops.

  10. V. The Mexicans Suffer Heavy Losses B. Mexicans 630 Mexicans killed 730 Mexicans taken prisoner Capture of Santa Anna He was caught hiding in some tall grass dressed as a common soldier or peasant. On the way to the Texan camp, his own men give him away with saying “El Presidente?” At Houston’s request, Santa Anna signed an order instructing General Filisola to withdraw all Mexican troops to south of the Rio Grande.

  11. VI. Treaties of Velasco The town of Velasco at the mouth of the Brazos River becomes the new capital in May 1836. Santa Anna was taken there to sign 2 treaties. Public He promises to never again fight against the Texans. He officially orders all Mexican forces out of Texas. Prisoner Exchange All property taken by Mexican forces returned.

  12. VI. Treaties of Velasco C. Private He promises to work for Mexican recognition of Texas independence . He promises to work for the Rio Grande as the border between Texas and Mexico. Result? He would be quietly escorted back to Mexico.

  13. VI. Many Texans Wanted Revenge Many Texans wanted to hang Santa Anna to avenge the deaths of those at the Alamo and Goliad. Houston and Burnet both decided to spare his life. In June 1836, Santa Anna boards the ship invincible to return to Mexico. A group of angry Texan army officers stopped the ship from sailing and demanded that Santa Anna be turned over for execution. Burnet stops the officers and holds Santa Anna prisoner for several more months before allowing him to leave again.

  14. VII. Victory’s Consequences The Battle of San Jacinto was one of the most decisive battles in all history. WHY? Captured Santa Anna Texas won its independence! Republic of Texas was born! The San Jacinto Monument (see page 259) was built in 1939 to commemorate the battle. It’s the worlds tallest monumental column and is 15 feet higher than the Washington Monument in our nation’s capital!

  15. Assignments for Today SAM HOUSTON Acrostic 11-2 Guided Reading/Section Quiz

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