1 / 23

SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS

SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS. Packet #70 Chapter #29. THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION CONNECTION. Seedless vascular plants arose in the Carboniferous Period 420 – 360 mya Phylum Rhinophyta are known as the oldest seedless vascular plants These organisms left relics, fossils and coals

heath
Download Presentation

SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS Packet #70 Chapter #29

  2. THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION CONNECTION • Seedless vascular plants arose in the Carboniferous Period 420 – 360 mya • Phylum Rhinophyta are known as the oldest seedless vascular plants • These organisms left relics, fossils and coals • Scientists believe that seed plants were present during this evolutionary time period but were not dominant. • Seedless vascular plants became important as the swamps dried up and the global climate cooled.

  3. TYPES OF SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS • There are four phyla of seedless vascular plants. • Phylum Polypodiophyta • Ferns • Phylum Psilotophyta • Whisk ferns • Phylum Equisetophyta • Horsetail • Phylum Lycophyta • Club Mosses

  4. IMPORTANT INFORMATION FOR VASCULAR PLANTS

  5. LEAVES OF VASCULAR PLANTS Leaves of Vascular Plants Microphylls • There are two types of leaves that may be found on seedless vascular plants • Microphylls • Small and have a single vascular strand • Club mosses • Megaphylls • Larger and have more than one vascular strand • Plants needed a flattened blade with more stomata for gas exchange • Ferns, horsetails and seed plants

  6. KEYWORDS OF VASCULAR PLANTS • Homospory • The production of one kind of spore • Bryophytes • Whisk ferns • Horsetails • Most club mosses • Most ferns • Spore gives rise to gametophyte plants that produce both egg and sperm cells.

  7. KEYWORDS OF VASCULAR PLANTS II • Heterospory • Production of two kinds of spores • Microspores • Give rise to male gametophytes that produce sperm cells • Megaspores • Give rise to female gametophytes that produce eggs. • Occurs in • Certain club mosses • Certain ferns • ALL SEED PLANTS. • The “evolution” of heterospory was an essential step in the evolution of seeds.

  8. SEED VASCULAR PLANTS—FERNS

  9. PHYLUM PTEROPHYTASUBPHYLUM POLYPOIOPHYTATHE FERNS • Largest and most diverse group of seedless vascular plants. • Have xylem and phloem tissue • Most have true roots • More than 12,000 species have been described.

  10. PHYLUM PTEROPHYTASUBPHYLUM POLYPOIOPHYTATHE FERNS • Almost all species are homosporous • All have megaphylls. • Found primarily in moist tropical habitats • Few are aquatic

  11. FERNSFEATURES THAT DISTINGUISH FERNS AND OTHER SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS FROM ALGAE AND BRYOPHYTES. • Comparison to Bryophytes • Ferns have vascular tissue • Ferns have a dominant sporophyte generation. • As in bryophytes, reproduction in ferns depends on water as a transport medium for their motile sperm cells.

  12. REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE OF FERNS

  13. PHYLUM PTEROPHYTASUBPHYLUM POLYPOIOPHYTATHE FERNS Figure 29.12Page 585 • Ferns display alternation of generation and they have a dominant sporophyte generation • Fern bodies consist of a rhizome (an underground stem), roots, and leaves (megaphylls).

  14. PHYLUM PTEROPHYTASUBPHYLUM POLYPOIOPHYTATHE FERNS • Sprophytes have roots, rhizomes and leaves that are megaphylls. • Leaves, or fronds, bear sporangia in clusters called sori. • Meiosis of sporangia produces haploid spores.

  15. PHYLUM PTEROPHYTASUBPHYLUM POLYPOIOPHYTATHE FERNS • Spore germinates and grow via mitosis into a gametophyte called haploid prothallus. • Heart shaped and lacks vascular tissue • Anchored by rhizoids • Bears antheridia and archegonia • Water is still required for transportation of the flagellated sperm to the archegonium • Zygote grows into free-living sporophyte plant.

  16. SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS—WHISK FERNS

  17. PHYLUM PTEROPHYTA SUBPHYLUM PSILOTOPHYTATHE WHISK FERNS • Simplest vascular plants • Lack true roots and leaves • Consists of dichotomously branching rhizomes • Have erect stems. • Homosporous sporophylls.

  18. SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS—HORSETAILS

  19. PHYLUM PTEROPHYTASUBPHYLUM EQUISETOPHYTATHE HORSETAILS • Sporophytes have roots • Rhizomes • Aerial stems • Hollow and jointed • Leaves that are reduced megaphylls

  20. SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS—CLUB MOSSES

  21. PHYLUM LYCOPHYTATHE CLUB MOSSES • Small plants with rhizomes and short erect branches • Extant species have true roots and leaves that are microphylls.

  22. REVIEW

  23. REVIEW • Students • List potential examination questions and/or here, and on following slides, based on the packet.

More Related