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Pastoralism - Case Studies

Pastoralism - Case Studies. Dr. Betty Faust EST-200. Introduction . Ariaal of N. Kenya Yoruk of Turkey Maasai of Kenya/Tanzania Mongols of Mongolia Al-Murra of Saudi Arabia . Topics of Discussion. Variation in dependence on animals Variation in incorporation in the global economy

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Pastoralism - Case Studies

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  1. Pastoralism - Case Studies Dr. Betty Faust EST-200

  2. Introduction • Ariaal of N. Kenya • Yoruk of Turkey • Maasai of Kenya/Tanzania • Mongols of Mongolia • Al-Murra of Saudi Arabia

  3. Topics of Discussion • Variation in dependence on animals • Variation in incorporation in the global economy • Variation in patterns of movement • Different social/kinship patterns • Environment & impact

  4. Ariaal - East African Cattle Complex • N. Kenya, Africa - South of Ethiopia, 7,000 people in tribe • Refugees, drought - wars, epidemics - created ethnic identity • Environment - seasonality, semi-desert (250-500 mm/yr) • Reduce risk - 4 different species, diverse pastures • Cultural value, social meaning of animals

  5. Ariaal - Details • Diet - milk 70%, blood, porridge (grains), meat • Women, older people and children - milking, animals in domestic pastures. • Men of warrior age - camp pastures, distant from settlement. • initiation age sets - boys, warriors (11-25), fathers/elders. • Age sets vs. patrilineages

  6. Patrilineal • polygyny - houses vs. households • inheritance - males • bride wealth/”price” - returnable • women’s tasks - houses, water, infants, milking • older children care for younger ones

  7. Modernization • government and missionaries - settle them! • dependence on handouts (land not arable) • overgrazing near missions and government posts • loss of conservationist practices

  8. Recommendations for future • Appreciate traditional knowledge and practices • Assist - veterinarians and pest control • Lift grazing restrictions - disperse flocks • Market access - transport, information, facilities

  9. Lessons learned • Assumptions vs. long-term, detailed observation of cycles. • One change creates others, anticipate.

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