Nutrition During Pregnancy

1. Nutrition During Pregnancy

2. Nutrition During Pregnancy • Single most important requirement • Baby’s growth and development depend on nutrients from mother

3. Five food groups plus oils • Nutritional guidelines known as MyPyramid for Moms • Grains • Vegetables • Fruits • Milk Products • Meat and Beans • Oils

4. Grains • Essential to any well-balanced diet • Contain carbohydrates, which provide energy • Grains fortified with folic acid can help prevent defects to the baby’s nervous system • Nutrients in grain also reduce risk of heart disease and keep digestive system working • Includes any food made from wheat, rice, cornmeal, barley, or other grains • Ex. Bread, pasta, oatmeal, and tortillas

5. Grains • Whole grains and refined grains • Whole grains are generally more nutritious • At least half grains should be whole • Label on food should say “whole” in ingredients.

6. Vegetables • Keeps mother’s heart healthy • Reduce chances of diabetes, high blood pressure, and some cancers • Rich in potassium and dietary fiber • Many rich in folic acids and vitamins A,C, and E. • Low in fat and calories

7. Vegetables • Different colored veggies provide different nutrients • Dark green, such as broccoli and spinach • Orange veggies, such as carrots and pumpkin • Dry beans and peas • Starchy veggies, such as potatoes and corn • Other veggies, such as celery and onions

8. Fruits • Any fruit or 100% fruit juice is included • Apples, bananas, tomatoes, avocados, strawberries, and oranges • Fruit juices are high in calories and do not contain fiber • Fruits can be fresh, frozen, canned, or dried • Main healthy heart and blood vessels • Control body weight • Good source of potassium, dietary fiber, vitamins A and C, and folic acid

9. Milk Products • Includes all varieties of milk, cheese, ice cream, and yogurt • Nutrients include calcium, potassium, vitamin D, and protein • Calcium is vital for building healthy bones and teeth • Important to prevent osteoporosis, a condition in which bones become fragile and break easily.

10. Milk Products • Choose milk products low-fat or fat-free • High-fat products contain saturated fats and cholesterol that can increase risk of heart disease

11. Meat and Beans • Includes meat, poultry, fish, dried beans, nuts, and eggs • Choose meat and poultry cuts that are low-fat • Provide protein, which is vital for baby’s growth and development of bones and teeth • Helps keep mothers body healthy • Need more during pregnancy

12. Oils • Oils are fats that are liquid at room temp. • Come from either plants or fish • Common oils include olive oil, corn oil, and canola oil • Many foods are naturally high in oils, such as nuts, olive, and some fish

13. Oils • Solid fats contain more saturated or trans fats than oils. • Can increase your risk for heart disease • Oils have more monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, which are healthier • Oils are healthier than solid fats, but still high in calories, so intake should be limited

14. Vitamins • Vitamins help to maintain a healthy pregnancy • Research shows some birth defects linked to vitamin deficiency • Women need more during pregnancy

15. Vitamins • Some important vitamins • Vitamin A – ensure proper eye development and keeps skin healthy • Vitamin B – assist in fetal development • Vitamin C – helps build healthy teeth and gums and helps form connective tissue of skin, bone, and organs • Vitamin D – aids in creation of bones and teeth • Folic Acid – necessary for normal spinal development in fetus, lack of this can lead to spina bifida. Pregnant women need twice the normal amount

16. Minerals • Pregnant women need iron, which helps prevent anemia and assists in developing baby’s own blood supply • Dried beans, raisins, dates, meat, and leafy green veggies • Calcium and phosphorus are also important to produce strong bones and teeth and ensure elimination of waste from body

17. Nutrition and Pregnant Teens • Pregnant teens must be especially careful to eat nutritious meals and snacks • Essential for a teen’s own body and for her growing baby to get all nutrients for proper growth and development • Need calcium and iron • Should discuss nutritional needs with their doctor

18. Sensitivities to Milk • Milk is rich in calcium, protein, and other key nutrients • Some expectant mothers who cannot tolerate milk products need special eating strategies • One alternative is to eat larger amounts of other calcium-rich foods, such as broccoli, tofu, and leafy green veggies • Protein can come from meat, fish, dried beans, and nuts.

19. Sensitivities to Milk • Some people are lactose intolerant, which means milk products cause abdominal pain and gas • Many who have problems digesting lactose can still eat dairy food in small quantities or eaten with other food. • Fortified soy milk can also provide nutrients

20. Sensitivities to Milk • Lactase is an enzyme that helps digest lactose • Eating foods with lactase, such as yogurt, helps some people digest milk • Taking lactase in liquid or tablet form can also relieve symptoms • Pregnant women should consult doctor before taking a lactase supplement

21. Vegetarians • Do not eat meat, which is high in protein • Some vegetarians, called vegans, do not any animal products, including eggs and milk • Vegetarians eat food from plant sources, such as vegetables, fruits, grains, beans, nuts, and seeds • Some choose this diet for religious or cultural reasons • By eating enough tofu and other soybean products, dried beans, nuts, and nut better pregnant vegetarians can still get needed protein • As always, consult with doctor to discuss diet

22. Go to http://www.mypyramid.gov/mypyramidmoms/index.html • Scroll down and click on MyPyramid Plan for Moms • Choose pregnant and age is 30 • Due date is January 1, 2011 • Height is 5’-5” • Pre-pregnancy weight is 130 • Physical activity is less than 30 minutes • Hit Submit • Scroll down and click on MyPyramid Menu Planner • Enter Sally for the Name and click submit • Enter food on the top left hand side of screen