Engineering at the National Science Foundation

1. Engineering at the National Science Foundation Michael M. Reischman Deputy Assistant Director Directorate for Engineering Presentation for the University of Vermont September 28, 2007 WWW.NSF.GOV

2. Staff Offices Office of Management and Budget Science Advisor, Office of Science and Technology Policy MajorDepartments Other Boards andCouncils Agriculture Commerce Defense HomelandSecurity Energy Health and Human Services Interior Transportation Independent Agencies NationalScienceFoundation(NSF) NationalAeronauticand SpaceAdministration EnvironmentalProtectionAgency NuclearRegulatoryCommission SmithsonianInstitution OtherAgencies

3. OSTP/OMB 2008Research Priorities* • Homeland Security • Prevention, Detection, & Remediation of NCB Threats • Medical Countermeasures and Biosurveillance Networks • Energy Security • Diversified Energy Sources and Renewables • Advanced Networking and High-End Computing • Supercomputing & Cyberinfrastructure • National Nanotechnology Institute • Environment • Global Climate Change Science and Technology • Global Supply of Fresh Water • Understanding Complex Biological Systems *See www.ostp.gov/html/M-06-17.pdf

4. External Reports • The National Academies’ Rising Above the Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future recommends enhancements in • K-12 education • Research • Higher Education • Economic policy • The Engineer of 2020 (NAE, 2004) and Educating the Engineer of 2020 (NAE, 2005)asks “… how to enrich and broaden engineering education so that those technically grounded graduates will be better prepared to work in a constantly changing global economy.”

5. External Reports • Engineering Research and America’s Future (NAE, 2005): Committee to Assess the Capacity of the U.S. Engineering Research Enterprise • Recommends increased research support for engineering and physical sciences • Seeks enhanced partnership, infrastructure and workforce activities • Innovate America: National Innovation Initiative Final Report (Council on Competitiveness, 2005) • Recommends increased support for workforce, investments and infrastructure • Emphasizes importance of frontier and interdisciplinary research

6. American Competitiveness Initiative • The centerpiece of American Competitiveness Initiative (ACI) is to double the federal investment in key agencies that support basic research in physical sciences and engineering. • Over the next 10 years, the Federal agencies impacted are NSF, DOE Science, and NIST. • ACI includes three broad components: • Research in physical sciences and engineering (including 12 specific goals with 7 related to NSF) • Research and Development tax incentives • Education and workforce

7. National Science FoundationFY 07 Budget ($6,020 million) National Science Board Office of theInspector General Director Staff Offices IntegrativeActivities(MRI, STC) $131M Directorate forBiologicalSciences $608M Directorate forComputer andInformation Science and Engineering $527M Directorate forEducation andHumanResources $816M Polar andAntarcticPrograms $371M Directorate forEngineering $520M +$109M (SBIR) DirectorateforGeosciences $745M Directorate forMathematicaland PhysicalSciences $1150M Directorate forSocial,Behavioral,and EconomicSciences $214M Summary $4,666M R&RA $240M MREFC $816M EHR $6020M Total

8. NSF Budget by Research DirectorateDollars in Millions

9. $600 $500 $400 $300 $200 $100 $0 FY 2000 FY 2001 FY 2002 FY 2003 FY 2004 FY 2005 FY 2006 FY 2007 FY 2008 Request Request ENG SBIR/STTR ENG and SBIR/STTR Budget HistoryDollars in Millions

10. Directorate for EngineeringFY 2007 Office of the Assistant Director Deputy Assistant Director (OAD) $629M* Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI) $25M Senior Advisor Nanotechnology Engineering Education and Centers (EEC) $126M Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation (CMMI) $152M Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, And Transport Systems (CBET) $124M Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems (ECCS) $81M Industrial Innovation and Partnerships (IIP) $120M

11. Engineering FY 2008 Budget RequestDollars in Millions

12. 7000 35% 6000 30% 5000 25% 4000 20% 3000 15% 2000 10% 1000 5% 0 0% FY 2000 FY 2001 FY 2002 FY 2003 FY 2004 FY 2005 FY 2006 FY 2007 FY 2008 Request Projection ENG Proposals ENG Awards ENG Funding Rate NSF Funding Rate ENG and NSF Funding RatesResearch Grants ENG Proposals and Awards Funding Rate Percent

13. ENG Research Themes • Energy, Water, and the Environment • System Nanotechnology • Complexity in Engineered and Biological Systems • Competitive Manufacturing and Service Enterprises • Cognitive Engineering

14. Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems (CBET) Deputy Division Director Bob Wellek Division Director Judy Raper Senior Advisor Marshall Lih Chemical, Biochemical, and Biotechnology Systems Transport and Thermal Fluids Biomedical Engineering and Engineering Healthcare Environmental Engineering and Sustainability Process and Bioreaction Engineering Maria Burka Thermal Transport Processes Pat Phelan Research to Aid Persons With Disabilities Bob Jaeger Environmental Engineering Vacant Interfacial Processes And Thermodynamics Bob Wellek Environmental Technology Cindy Ekstein Catalysis and Biocatalysis John Regalbuto Biomedical Engineering Semahat Demir Particulate and Multiphase Processes Marc Ingber Energy for Sustainability Rose Wesson/ Trung Van Nguyen Biotechnology, Biochemical, and Biomass Engineering Fred Heineken Biophotonics, Advanced Imaging & Sensing for Human Health Leon Esterowitz Fluid Dynamics Bill Schultz Environmental Sustainability Bruce Hamilton Chemical and Biological Separations Rose Wesson Combustion, Fire, and Plasma Systems Phil Westmoreland

15. Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental and Transport (CBET) Systems • Current Areas of Interest: • postgenomic engineering, metabolic engineering, and tissue engineering. • biomedical photonics and sensing, assistive technology, medical technology innovation • complex environmental systems, especially with respect to understanding the fate and transport of surface and groundwater pollutants; novel processes for waste treatment; industrial ecology; and technologies for avoiding pollution • projects that develop and integrate new principles and knowledge underpinning use-inspired products and services based on chemical, fluid-thermal and biological transformations of energy and matter. • nanoscale science and engineering, safety and security, environmentally-friendly and energy-focused processes and products, and smart manufacturing and processing. • Fundamental aspects of fluid, thermal and mass transport processes, and research to support the development of renewable energy sources.

16. Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation (CMMI) Division Director Adnan Akay Deputy Director George Hazelrigg Engineering Infrastructure Systems Innovation Sciences and Decision Engineering Materials Transformation and Mechanics Geoenvironmental Engineering and Geohazards Mitigation Richard Fragaszy Control Systems Suhada Jayasuriya Geomechanics and Geotechnical Systems Richard Fragaszy Dynamical Systems Edward Misawa Information Technology And Infrastructure Systems Edward Jaselskis Infrastructure Materials And Structural Mechanics Perumalsamy Balaguru Engineering Design Judy Vance Infrastructure Management and Hazard Response Dennis Wenger Materials Processing and Manufacturing Mary L. Realff Manufacturing Enterprise Systems Abhi Deshmukh Manufacturing Machines and Equipment George Hazelrigg Mechanics and Structures of Materials Ken Chong Operations Research Stephen Nash Service Enterprise Engineering Matthew Realff Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation Research Joy Pauschke Nano and Bio Mechanics Jimmy Hsia NanoManufacturing Haris Doumanidis Sensor Innovation and Systems Shih Chi Liu Structural Systems and Hazards Mitigation of Structures Douglas Foutch Materials Design and Surface Engineering Clark Cooper

17. Civil, Mechanical, and Manufacturing Innovation (CMMI) • CMMI areas of interest: • Dynamics and control, mechanics and materials, nano and bio mechanics, sensing for civil and mechanical systems, simulation–based engineering science. • Management of risks induced by earthquakes and other natural and technological hazards, critical infrastructure protection. • Infrastructure development and management, geotechnology, structures • CMMI supports fundamental academic research in design, manufacturing, and industrial engineering. CMMI also manages crosscutting industrial innovation programs that encompass major components of NSF. • CMMI-funded research includes an emphasis on environmentally benign manufacturing and a sustainable industrial economy, and seeks to address those fundamental issues that will benefit society through a deeper understanding of the processes and systems that comprise modern design, manufacturing, and service enterprises

18. Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems (ECCS) Division Director Usha Varshney Senior Engineering Advisor Lawrence Goldberg NNIN; ENG-MRI; STC Electronics, Photonics and Device Technologies Power, Controls and Adaptive Networks Integrative, Hybrid and Complex Systems Embedded, Distributed and Adaptive Control; Sensing and Imaging Networks; Systems Theory; Telerobotics Radhakisan Baheti Power and Energy Systems and Networks; Interdependencies of Power and Energy on Critical Infrastructures; Power Drives; Renewable and Alternative Energy Sources Dagmar Niebur Adaptive Dynamic Programming; Neuromorphic Engineering; Quantum and Molecular Modeling and Simulations of Devices and Systems Paul Werbos RF and Optical Wireless and Hybrid Communications Systems; Inter and Intra-chip Communications ; Mixed Signals Leda Lunardi Cyber Systms; Signal Processing Scott Midkiff Micro and Nano Systems; System-on-a-chip; System-in-a-Package; Diagnostic and Implantable Systems Yogesh Gianchandani Optoelectronics; Nanophotonics; Ultrafast and Extreme Ultra-Violet Rongqing Hui Micro/Nanoelectronics; Bioelectronics; NEMS/MEMS; Sensors Rajinder Khosla Micro/Nanoelectronics; Molecular Electronics; Spin Electronics; Organic Electronics; Micromagnetics; Power Electronics Olufemi Olowolafe

19. Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems (ECCS) Electronics, Photonics and Device Technologies EPDT Power, Controls and Adaptive Networks PCAN • Bioelectronics • Electromagnetics • Flexible Electronics • MEMS/NEMS • Micro/Nanoelectronics • Micro/Nanomagnetics • Microwave Photonics • Molecular Electronics • Nanophotonics • Optoelectronics • Power Electronics • Sensors and Actuators • Spin Electronics • Adaptive Dynamic Programming • Alternate Energy Sources • Embedded, Distributed and Adaptive Control • Neuromorphic Engineering • Power and Energy Systems & Networks • Quantum and Molecular Modeling & Simulation of Devices and Systems • Sensing and Imaging Networks • Telerobotics Integrative, Hybrid and Complex Systems IHCS Nanosystems, Microsystems, Macrosystems • Cyber Systems • Signal Processing • Nano and Microsystems • System-on-a-chip • System-in-a-package • RF and Optical Wireless and Hybrid Communications Systems • Inter and Intra-chip Communications • Mixed Signals

20. Emerging Technologies (ECCS) • Cyber Systems • Alternate Energy Sources and Integration in the National Grid (InterGrid) • Diagnostic, Wearable and Implantable Devices and Systems • Flexible Electronics • Neuromorphic Engineering • Interdependencies of Critical Infrastructures in Power and Communications • Quantum and Molecular Modeling and Simulation of Devices and Systems • Very Large-scale Photonic Integration

21. EngineeringEducationandCenters (EEC) Division Director Allen Soyster Science Assistant Victoria Kwasiborski Administrative Officer Priscilla Bezdek Senior Advisor for Engineering Bruce Kramer Senior Staff Associate Win Aung Deputy Director for Engineering Education Sue Kemnitzer Deputy Director For Engineering Centers Lynn Preston Cross-Directorate Programs Sharon Middledorf Management Operations Specialist Beverly Baker ERC Education Win Aung Bioengineering Barbara Kenny ) Engineering Education Sue Kemnitzer (lead) Vacant Sharon Middledorf Nanotechnology Undergraduate Education Mary Poats Evaluation and Assessment Vacant Manufacturing and Processing Bruce Kramer Office Automation Clerk vacant International Research and Education in Engineering Win Aung ERC Diversity And Pre-College Education Mary Poats Research Experiences for Teachers Mary Poats Earthquake Engineering Vilas Mujumdar Program Assistants Darlene Suggs (lead) Shalika Walton Susan Watson Nanoscale Science and Engineering Bruce Kramer (lead) Deborah Jackson Barbara Kenny Microelectronics Systems and Information Deborah Jackson (lead) Barbara Kenny Research Experience for Undergrads Esther Bolding Bioengineering & Bioinformatics Summer Institutes Mary Poats

22. Engineering Education and Centers (EEC) • Current Areas of Interest: • Centers that collaborate with industry to promote innovative research and education • Centers that promote partnerships with small business and international researchers • Focused efforts that integrate research into new advances in undergraduate and PhD engineering education, and partner with K-12 pipeline innovators

23. Industrial Innovation and Partnerships (IIP) Senior Advisors Joe Hennessey Donald Senich Division Director Kesh Narayanan Industry University Cooperative Research Centers Alex Schwarzkopf Edward Clancy Glenn Larsen Office of Industrial Innovation SBIR/STTR Grants Opportunities for Academic Liaison With Industry Donald Senich • Advanced Materials. Manufacturing • and Chemical Technology • Cheryl Albus, Deepak Bhat, • Rathindra DasGupta, Joe Hennessey • Biotechnology • Thomas Allnutt, Ali Andalibi, • George Vermont • Electronics • Juan Figueroa, Murali Nair, Bill Haines, • T. James Rudd • Information Technology • Errol Arkilic, Ian Bennett • Special Topics • Bob Norwood • Advanced Electronics (4) • Advanced Manufacturing (3) • Advanced Materials (7) • Biotechnology (4) • Civil Infrastructure Systems (3) • Energy and the Environment (5) • Fabrication and Processing • Technology (7) • Health and Safety (4) • Information and Communications (6) • Quality, Reliability and • Maintenance (2) • System Design and Simulation (1) Partnerships for Innovation Sara Nerlove

24. Industrial Innovation and Partnerships (IIP) Current Programs supporting academic-industry partnerships - Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) - Small Business Technology Transfer Research (STTR) - Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers (I/UCRC) - Partnerships for Innovation (PFI) - Grant Opportunities for Academic Liaison with Industry (GOALI) IIP supports a wide spectrum of Technology Areas - Advanced Materials - Manufacturing - Civil Infrastructure Systems - Chemical-Based Technologies - Energy and Environment - Biotechnology - Electronics - Information-Based Technologies

25. Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI) • EFRI will support higher risk, higher payoff opportunities leading to: • new research areas for NSF, ENG, and other agencies • new industries/capabilities resulting in a leadership position • significant progress on advancing a “grand challenge” • Successful topics would likely require: • small- to medium-sized interdisciplinary teams • the necessary time to demonstrate substantial progress and evidence for follow-on funding through other established mechanisms • The current investment for EFRI totals $25 million for 4-year awards at $500k per year. • Sohi Rastegar, Office Director

26. EFRI Criteria • TRANSFORMATIVE- Does the proposed topic represent an opportunity for a significant leap or paradigm shift in a research area, or have the potential to create a new research area? • NATIONAL NEED/GRAND CHALLENGE- Is there potential for making significant progress on a current national need or grand challenge? • BEYOND ONE DIVISION- Is the financial and research scope beyond the capabilities of one division? • COMMUNITY RESPONSE- Is the community able to organize and effectively respond (but not in very large numbers; i.e., it is an "emerging" area)? • ENG LEADERSHIP- Are partnerships proposed, and if so, does NSF/ENG have a lead role?

27. EFRI Topics FY 2007 (NSF 06-596) • AUTONOMOUSLY RECONFIGURABLE ENGINEERED SYSTEMS ENABLED BY CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE (ARES) • Key idea:Autonomously reconfigurable engineered systems robust to unexpected/unplanned events • CELLULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING (CBE) • Key idea: Comprehensive modeling, measurement, and control of coupled biological, chemical, electrical, mechanical, and thermal processes at the cellular and biomolecular level under multiple stimuli. FY 2008 (NSF 07-579) • COGNITIVE OPTIMIZATION AND PREDICTION: FROM NEURAL SYSTEMS TO NEUROTECHNOLOGY (COPN) - Key idea: Understanding subsymbolic intelligence can lead to development of new designs and algorithms for optimal decision making and prediction in engineered systems. • RESILIENT AND SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURES (RESIN) • Key idea:Design, renew, expand, monitor, and control critical interdependent infrastructures to be both resilient and sustainable.

28. Free Advice for Success…or(I’m from the government and I’m here to help) • It all starts with Dialog, a White Paper and a Short Bio • Get involved in NSF Reviews: Panel or Mail • Don’t be afraid of Teams • Spread Your Research Wings • Deliver on Your Promises • “No” is not Forever…Seek Feedback • “….don’t ever give up”

29. Thank you!