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System and Software Architecting Views. Elliot Axelband 10/24/06. Views and Viewpoints. Consider a Building as a Metaphor for a System Applicable Views Esthetic View User/Functional/Operational View Structural View Electrical View Heating/Air Conditioning View Etc.
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System and Software Architecting Views Elliot Axelband 10/24/06
Views and Viewpoints • Consider a Building as a Metaphor for a System • Applicable Views • Esthetic View • User/Functional/Operational View • Structural View • Electrical View • Heating/Air Conditioning View • Etc. • Building and Operating Costs - Financial View • Codes & Applicable Restrictions - Technical View • Time line/Schedule View (Concept, Design, Build, Use/Sustain, Retire - The Life Cycle) • Each View is the Viewpoint of a View holder • Views are Domain Specific
Frameworks • Categories for Organizing Views • DoDAF (DoD Architecture Framework) • Technical View - All applicable codes and Restrictions • Operational View - How the System will be used - The CONOPS • System View - How the System is Defined - What it is
What is a System? • “Systems Architecting - Creating & Building Complex (Innovative) Systems”, Rechtin • “The Art of Systems Architecting”, Maier and Rechtin • “A system is a set of different elements so connected or related as to perform a unique function not performable by the elements alone” • E.g.: An automobile (the system) provides transportation not provided by its components (subsystems) alone: the motor, transmission, suspension, body, etc. • Note: The subsystems of systems are often systems • Note: The concept of systems has broad application to different domains: buildings, automobiles, computers, “stand-alone” software, computer chips, commercial and military aircraft, organizations, businesses (enterprises - Enterprise SE), universities…
F-35, Joint Strike Fighter • In Development • Provides very advanced Capabilities (Complex and Innovative) • Largest Military Procurement - $400B, >2000A/C • 30,000 # plus, >10K parts,One Pilot,17M LOC • 3 Variants for US Application - Air Force, Navy, Marine • National and Multi-National Partners and Multi-National Users • Fully Networked
Defense System Life Cycle Source: DAU Handbook
Defense System Development Verification and Validation System Need System System Design System Subsystem Design Subsystem Component Design Component Buy/Code/ Manufacture Decomposition Integration & Test Requirements - Design - Manufacture - Assemble - Test Time
Requirements - Design - Manufacture - Assembly - Test Time Defense System Development-1 Verification and Validation System Need System* System Design System Subsystem Design Subsystem Component Design Component Buy/Code/ Manufacture* Decomposition Integration •Redesign is a part of Design; Design is Experimental & Iterative;Spiral Development • It takes 3 passes through the Development Process to field a Production System: - 1st when System* is a Prototype (SDD), - 2nd when Manufacture* is a Prototype (LRP), - 3rd at the start of Full Rate Production
Incremental Development Source: DAU Handbook
A Research Agenda for CSSE • Redesign is part of design. It will never be completely eliminated. But there is huge payoff in reducing it • Redesign can be reduced by better predictive system design tools, that is, Modeling and Simulation Predictive Design Tools • Modeling is domain dependent, so a broad set of technical skills and an emphasis on collaboration is required • Such a Research Agenda plays to CSSE and USC strengths • A Research University with a broad set of skills and an emphasis on internal collaboration (ORUs) and external collaboration (MOUs) • USC’s Computing* Emphasis: Petacomputing, New Faculty Req’ts • CSSE’s record of collaboration and accomplishment with COCOMO*, COSISMO and other cost estimation M&S Predictive Design Tools • Other opportunities, a sampler: • Weight Estimation, Product Cost Estimation • Scaleable MANET Networks, IA Net-centric Issues • Software/Software compatibility, Software/Hardware Compatibility, Integration Maturity, Risk Management • Logistics for Incremental Procurements • Human Factors* • Efficient Manufacture****
Research • Funding • “If there’s Money, the Faculty will come” • Industrial Affiliates • NSF, DARPA - Not yet in systems, but growing interest • INCOSE Vision • Growing DoD Interest • Competition - A good thing • MIT • Georgia Tech • Stanford • Cornell • Etc.
Congratulations to CSSE! There are great opportunities to make a difference, where it is important to do so.