1 / 32

Enlightenment Ideas of the Enlightenment

-. -. -. Enlightenment Ideas of the Enlightenment. -. -. American Revolution. “the revolution was not the war…the war was a result of the revolution”. -. French Revolution. PARIS Heart of the Enlightenment. Middle Ages vs. Age of Reason. Middle Ages Age of Reason.

henryr
Download Presentation

Enlightenment Ideas of the Enlightenment

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. - - - EnlightenmentIdeas of the Enlightenment - - American Revolution “the revolution was not the war…the war was a result of the revolution” - French Revolution

  2. PARISHeart of the Enlightenment

  3. Middle Ages vs. Age of Reason Middle AgesAge of Reason

  4. Middle Ages vs. Age of Reason Middle AgesAge of Reason Divine Right to Rule

  5. Middle Ages vs. Age of Reason Middle AgesAge of Reason Divine Right to Rule Divine Right Irrational

  6. Middle Ages vs. Age of Reason Middle AgesAge of Reason Divine Right to Rule Divine Right Irrational King answers only to God

  7. Middle Ages vs. Age of Reason Middle AgesAge of Reason Divine Right to Rule Divine Right Irrational King answers only to God Kings answers to Social contract

  8. Middle Ages vs. Age of Reason Middle AgesAge of Reason Divine Right to Rule Divine Right Irrational King answers only to God Kings answers to Social contract Aristocracy by birth

  9. Middle Ages vs. Age of Reason Middle AgesAge of Reason Divine Right to Rule Divine Right Irrational King answers only to God Kings answers to Social contract Aristocracy by birth Social Justice

  10. Middle Ages vs. Age of Reason Middle AgesAge of Reason Divine Right to Rule Divine Right Irrational King answers only to God Kings answers to Social contract Aristocracy by birth Social Justice Life, Liberty, and Property

  11. Middle Ages vs. Age of Reason Middle AgesAge of Reason Divine Right to Rule Divine Right Irrational King answers only to God Kings answers to Social contract Aristocracy by birth Social Justice Life, Liberty, and Property Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Happiness

  12. Scientific Revolution Isaac Newton used mathematics to explain Gravity

  13. Scientific Revolution Natural Laws Rules of conduct discoverable by Reason

  14. Scientific Revolution Natural Laws Rules of conduct discoverable by Reason Utopia Perfect society

  15. PHILOSOPHES • John Locke • People were reasonable and Moral • People had “Natural Rights” • People formed Government to protect their rights • Government has obligation to the people • If Government becomes oppressive, overthrow them Thomas Hobbes • Naturally cruel • Greedy and selfish • Needed powerful governmentto maintain order • Absolute Monarchy

  16. PHILOSOPHES Montesquieu Separation of Powers

  17. PHILOSOPHES Montesquieu Separation of Powers Checks and Balances

  18. PHILOSOPHES Voltaire Freedom of Speech

  19. PHILOSOPHES Rousseau Wrote “Social Contract” The balance of General Will vs Individual Rights

  20. Mary Wollstonecraft Women should be educated

  21. PHILOSOPHES Denis Diderot France Encyclopedia Put all beliefs into books of the Encyclopedia

  22. PHILOSOPHES Adam Smith England The Wealth of Nations Free market based on Supply – Demand No government interference

  23. PHILOSOPHES Adam Smith England The Wealth of Nations Free market based on Supply – Demand No government interference Laissez-faireeconomics Foundation of “Capitalism” in America

  24. PHILOSOPHES Adam Smith England The Wealth of Nations. Governments role was to • Protect Society • Administer Justice

  25. Censorship Authors often challenged the “Old Order’ • Novels • Story within the story • Candide • Exposes corruption, hypocrisy, and right to free speech • Gulliver's Travels

  26. Enlightened Despots(Kings) Frederick the Great Prussia (1740 – 1786)

  27. Enlightened Despots(Kings) Frederick the Great Prussia (1740 – 1786) “First Servant of the State” Religious Tolerance “Heaven in his own Fashion”

  28. Enlightened Despots Joseph II Holy Roman Empire ( 1765 – 1790 ) “The Peasant Emperor” • Went out to the Pubs undercover… • Extended Tolerance to Protestants and Jews • Ended Censorship • Sold Monasteries and Convents • Ended Serfdom

  29. All cancelled after he died But the seed had been planted

  30. Most Europeans untouched by Middle Class or Courtly Culture

  31. 1700’s Eastern Europe Serfdom spread to Russia Peasants could be bought and sold with land Late 1700’s began to spread to peasant villages and across the ocean to a bunch of colonist

  32. Trading Cards Thomas Hobbes John Locke Adam Smith Mary Wollstonecraft Montesquieu Voltaire Rousseau Denis Diderot Frederick the Great Joseph II

More Related