Westward Expansion and Slavery

1. Westward Expansion and Slavery Copy words in YELLOW

2. New Leaders • 1789- Washington elected pres. • During this time govt. is being perfected • Territory disputes • 1796- John Adams elected 2nd pres. • Many debates over state’s rights • 1800- Thomas Jefferson became the 3rd President after tie vote!

3. North America • US owned land east of Mississippi River • Spain owned Louisiana Territory and closed the port of New Orleans • They secretly gave the land to French leader Napoleon who planned to colonize Am.

4. A Deal Is Made • Western farmers were upset because they could not trade goods • Jefferson offered to buy New Orleans from France. • Since France is planning to go to war with Britain, Napoleon needs money • Napoleon offers Jefferson the whole territory!

5. Louisiana Purchase • Napoleon sold the Louisiana Territory for $15 million= Louisiana Purchase • The US doubled in size (Mississippi River- Rocky Mountains). • Britain owned land in Canada and Spain owned most land west of Louisiana and Florida

7. A Nation of Tension • 1804- Jefferson orders exploration of the West. Lewis and Clark led • 1808- Slave trading from Africa ended, but slave births more than doubled • During war with France, the British navy was seizing American ships – Why do you think Britain would capture our ships?

8. A Nation of Tension Cont. • British were also aiding Indians in fighting for territory • US declares war on Britain in 1812= War of 1812 • 1814- Treaty of Ghent ends the war. There was no clear winner and no land was exchanged.

9. The Growing Nation • Britain and the US still disagreed about who owned waterways in the North and agree to meet. • Convention of 1818 set the border between the US and Britain at the 49th parallel. • Many Americans wanted to settle in Florida. • 1819- John Quincy Adams (Secretary of State) signs treaty with Spanish Diplomat, Luis de Onis, called the Adams-Onis Treaty. • Florida becomes a part of the US, and Spain gains present Texas.

12. New States and the Slavery Debate • New land meant settlers were moving and forming new territories • Many sections of the country had different interests and believed their interests were most important= sectionalism • Sectionalism became a big issue when Missouri applied for statehood in 1819

13. Missouri Compromise • There were currently 11 slave states and 11 free states in Senate. • Southerners feared northerners would ban slavery • Northern members of the House of Representatives proposed admitting Missouri as a slave state with restrictions. • Henry Clay proposed the Missouri Compromise.

14. Provisions of the Missouri Compromise • Missouri would enter the Union as a slave state. • Maine would enter the Union as a free state. • Slavery would be prohibited in any new territories or states formed north of the 36’30’ latitude - Missouri’s southern border= invisible Missouri Compromise Line

16. Map Activity 2 (Pg. 382) On the map in front of you: • Label the free states and free territories in 1820 and color them orange. • Label the slave states and slave territories in 1820 and color them blue. • Draw in the Missouri Compromise Line and the 49th Parallel in dark black and label them.

17. Map Activity Cont. • Label the 2 territories claimed by Britain and the Us and color them red. • Color the remaining Louisiana Territory brown and label it “closed to slavery. • Color the Arkansas Territory green and label it “open to slavery” • Label the Spanish Territory and color it yellow.