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Sustainable Design Strategies for Longwood University's New Science Building

This presentation outlines the redesign goals of the mechanical systems in Longwood University's Science Building, focusing on heat recovery and distributed pumping to improve energy efficiency. The project team's approach, points of interest, and conclusions are discussed.

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Sustainable Design Strategies for Longwood University's New Science Building

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  1. Longwood University’s New Science Building Alicia CarbinMechanical OptionAE Senior Thesis Presentation Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  2. Longwood University’sNew Science Building Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Acoustical Breadth • Outline • Background • Project Team • Points of Interest • Redesign Goals • Mechanical Depths • Heat Recovery • Distributed Pumping • Electrical Breadth • Conclusions • Questions Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  3. Background Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Location • Longwood University • Farmville, Va • Corner of High St and Griffin Blvd • Building Stats • T-shirt shaped footprint • 4 stories • 72,000 square feet • Total Cost: $17.1 million • Construction: 2003-2005 Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  4. Project Team Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Building Owner • Longwood University • Chemistry, Physics, Biology, and Earth Science • Classrooms, faculty and graduate offices, laboratories, and a greenhouse • Architects & Engineers • Clark Nexsen, Norfolk, VA • Lab Consultant • Research Facilities Design, San Diego, CA • General Contractor • Suitt Construction, Greenville, SC Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  5. Points of Interest Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Wasted Energy • Over half of the Science Building is Lab space • Fume Hoods exhaust large quantities of contaminated air • 3 of 4 AHU’s are 100% units • 5-10 times more heat energy • Oversized Pumps • Primary/Secondary System are sized to overcome all Frictional Losses • More wasted Energy Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  6. Redesign Goals Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • To solve the Wasted Energy Problem: • Use an Energy Recovery System to Recover the wasted energy! • Run-around Heat Recovery Loop • Save Overall Energy • Save Money with Short Payback Period • To solve the Oversized Pump Problem: • Change the Primary/Secondary Pumping System • Distributed Pumps • Save on Pumping Power • Save Money with Short Payback Period Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  7. Run-Around LoopHeat Recovery System . Run-Around LoopHeat Recovery System Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  8. Run-Around LoopHeat Recovery System Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • What is a Run-around System? • Two air streams • Coils placed in Airstreams • Piping connect the Coils • A pump circulates a heat recovery solution through the system Pump Outside Air Exhaust Air • Advantages of Run-around Systems: • Airstreams do not have to be in close proximity of each other • Cross-contamination is not a Problem Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  9. Run-Around LoopHeat Recovery System Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Location of Run-Around Loop • Roof • 60” Exhaust Air stream (38,874 cfm) • AHU-3 (29,130 cfm) • Components of Heat Recovery System • 4 coils (2 in each air stream) • 150’ of Copper Pipe with Insulation • 1- ½ hp Pump with Protective Enclosure • 2.6 gallon Expansion Tank • 30% Ethylene Glycol Solution Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  10. Run-Around LoopHeat Recovery System Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . AHU-3 3” Pipe (86 gpm) ET Outside Air Pump 70F (Winter) 60” Exhaust Air Duct Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  11. Run-Around LoopHeat Recovery System Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Energy Analysis • Energy = 1.08 * cfm * T * hours • Flow Rate = 29,130 cfm • Total Heating Hours = 4,289 per year • Best Case Heat Recovery • TOA = 8F • T = 21.44F • Worst Case Heat Recovery • TOA = 55F • T = 3.22F • Total Energy Saved: 856 MMBtu • 15.4% Savings Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  12. Run-Around LoopHeat Recovery System Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Life Cycle Cost Analysis: • Total First Cost of System: $14, 150 • $4.38 per K lb x 856 K lb = $3,750 per year • 4 year Payback Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  13. Distributed Pumping . Distributed Pumping Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  14. Distributed Pumping Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Distributed Pumping Systems: • Most common for Multi-Building Use • Each Building has its own Pump • Primary Pumps located in Central Plant • Can be applied for Single Building Use • Each Cooling Coil Loop has its own Pump • Primary Pumps located in Mechanical Room • Replaces the Secondary Pumps • Pumps are sized for the head in each individual loop • Less Overall pressure in System • Variable Speed Drives control the Speed • Flexible to system diversity and expansion Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  15. Distributed Pumping Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Distributed Pumping Chilled Water System: • Primary/Secondary Chilled Water System: Distributed Pumps Secondary Pumps CH-1 PrimaryPumps CH-2 CC AHU-1 CC AHU-2 CC AHU-3 CC AHU-4 By-pass ET AS Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  16. Distributed Pumping Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Power and Cost Analysis: • Existing Secondary Pumps: • First Cost = $8,800 • 2 @ 15 hp = 30 hp • Distributed Pumps: • First Cost = $12,000 • 4 @ 5,3,3, ¾ hp = 11.75 hp • Difference = 18.75 hp = 13.9 kW • Total Cooling Hours = 4,471 per year • Total Energy Saved = 60,900 kWh per year • 6.23 cents per kWh x 60,900 kWh = $3,800 per year • 10 month Payback Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  17. Electrical Breadth . Electrical Breadth Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  18. Electrical Breadth Outline Background Project Team Points Redesign Goals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Additional Electrical Loads: • (1) Heat Recovery Pump: • 1 ½ hp Motor • 480V, 3 phase • Located on Roof • (4) Distributed Pumps: • 5, 3, 3, ¾ hp Motors • 480V, 3 phase • Located on Roof Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  19. Electrical Breadth Outline Background Project Team Points Proposals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Requirements for Heat Recovery Pump: • (4) #12 THW Copper Wire • 15A, 3 pole Breaker • Add to Panelboard H4 in 4th floor Electrical Room • 3P, 30/NF, 3R Disconnect Switch • Requirements for Distributed Pumps: • (4) #12 THW Copper Wire • 15A, 3 pole Breaker • Add to Panelboard H4A in 4th floor Electrical Room • 3P, 30/NF, 3R Disconnect Switches Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  20. Conclusions Outline Background Project Team Points Proposals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Run-Around Heat Recovery Loop Saves: • 856 MMBtu per year • $3,750 per year  4 year payback • Replacing Secondary Pumps with Distributed Pumping System Saves: • 60,900 kWh per year • $3,800 per year  10 month payback • No New Panelboards were needed Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  21. Acknowledgements Outline Background Project Team Points Proposals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • I would like to thank the following individuals for their guidance, support, and encouragement during my Thesis year: • Mom, Dad, and Ashley • Dan Rusnack • Kristen Shehab • Shannon Gasbarre • Mark Elder • Gil Molina • Nicole Davilli • Dave Moniot • Frank Dennis • Dr. Bahnfleth • Dr. Burroughs • Professor Parfitt • Jonathan Dougherty • Mike Orr • Galen May • Richard Bratcher • The AE class of ‘05 Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  22. Longwood University’sNew Science Building Outline Background Project Team Points Proposals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . Questions? Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  23. Acoustical Breadth . • Classroom 130 (Typical) • Recommended RC-rating: 25-30 dB • Supply VAV Box valve • 1320-1522 cfm • Exhaust VAV Box valve • 1256-1320 cfm • Materials • Flooring: Vinyl Composition Tile • Ceiling: Acoustical Tile • Walls: Painted Gypsum Wallboard • Results • Overall RC-rating: 29 dB • RC-II rating: Found to be Hissy • Recommendation • Reduce air flow through valves Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

  24. Maintenance of Pumps Outline Background Project Team Points Proposals Heat Recovery Distributed Pumping Electrical Conclusions Thank You Questions? . • Access to Pumps • Stairwell on the South end • of the Building goes to Roof • Rubber Roof pads allow for • walking on the Roof Penn State Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis Alicia B. Carbin Longwood University’s New Science Building Mechanical Option

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