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Excretion vs. Elimination

Excretion vs. Elimination. Excretion vs. Elimination. Your body makes several kinds of waste, which fall into two groups: Undigested solid wastes Wastes made by cells. Elimination. Undigested solid waste leaves your body through the large intestine

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Excretion vs. Elimination

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  1. Excretion vs. Elimination

  2. Excretion vs. Elimination • Your body makes several kinds of waste, which fall into two groups: • Undigested solid wastes • Wastes made by cells

  3. Elimination • Undigested solid waste leaves your body through the large intestine • Water is removed from the wastes in the large intestine, which allows for the formation of a solid (feces).

  4. The solid wastes moves from the large intestine to the rectum. • From the rectum, the solid waste is excreted through the anus.

  5. Excretion • When waste products made by cells (water, heat, carbon dioxide, salts, urea) leave your body • In many animals, CO2 leaves the body through the lungs • The liquid waste, urine, is made in the kidneys

  6. Urine: made up of water, heat, harmful chemicals (urea), and some salts • Perspiration: when heat, water, and salt are excreted by the body through skin (i.e. sweating)

  7. Write the correct waste product next to the excretory organ: 1. Skin = 2. Large intestine = 3. Lungs = 4. Kidneys = (word bank: carbon dioxide, solid wastes, salt, harmful chemicals, water, heat)

  8. The waste products are: Skin = water, heat, salt Large Intestine = solid waste Lungs = carbon dioxide Kidneys = harmful chemicals, heat, salt

  9. The Excretory System • The group of organs responsible for removing waste products from the body = the excretory system • The main organs are: • Lungs • Kidneys • Skin

  10. Lungs • When we breathe, we excrete CO2 waste, and small amounts of heat and water • Fact: your lungs are capable of removing alcohol from the blood; this is how a breathalyzer is able to determine a person’s blood alcohol level

  11. Skin • Largest organ; excretes most of the body’s waste heat • Also removes some water, salts, and very small amounts of urea • Perspiration: helps the body ‘cool off’ • When sweat evaporates from the skin, it cools the body, removing heat

  12. Kidneys • Fist sized, bean shaped (i.e. kidney bean) organs found on either side of the lower spine • Main job is to filter out wastes from the blood, making them more concentrated in preparation for excretion and, in the process of doing this, retaining as much water as possible

  13. The blood enters the kidney through the renal arteries; renal veins carry blood back from the kidneys to the body • A ureter connects each kidney to the urinary bladder; once urine has formed, the ureter carries the urine (produced after the blood has been filtered for wastes) from the kidney to the bladder

  14. Another tube, the urethra, carries the urine out of the body • In males, the urethra passes through the penis; in females, it lies between the pubic bone and the front wall of the vagina

  15. Label the diagram: bladder, kidney, renal artery and vein, ureter, urethra

  16. Nephrons • The filtration of the blood takes place in minute structures called nephrons, found in the cortex, which is the outer layer of the kidney • The nephrons estimate at more than 1 million per kidney

  17. In spite of their size, the kidneys filter more than 180 L of blood every 24 hours • Most is reclaimed by the body, only 1.5 L of urine is passed each day • Your blood passes through the kidneys 300 times per day

  18. Label the Kidney: cortex, medulla, renal artery, renal pelvis, renal vein, ureter

  19. Liver • A secondary organ of excretion • Does not excrete wastes, but is important for excretion • Handles cell wastes in several ways: 1) Breaks down dead red blood cells: pass into digestive tract, then eliminated with solid waste by the bowels

  20. 2)Weakens certain harmful substances 3) Changes some harmful substances Ex: the liver makes bile from harmful substances – bile is important in fat digestion – after bile works on fat, it is eliminated from the bowels 4) Combines certain harmful chemicals Ex) liver combines ammonia and some CO2 – forms urea, which the blood carries to the kidneys where it becomes part of the urine

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