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Chemistry 1010

Chemistry 1010. Acids and Bases. Molarity. The number of moles of solute in 1 liter of solution. Moles of Solute. Molarity =. Liters of Solution. Acid. Anything that increases the hydronium ion (H3O+) concentration Anything that donates a proton (H+ ion). H+ + H 2 O  H 3 O+

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Chemistry 1010

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  1. Chemistry 1010 Acids and Bases

  2. Molarity The number of moles of solute in 1 liter of solution Moles of Solute Molarity = Liters of Solution

  3. Acid Anything that increases the hydronium ion (H3O+) concentration Anything that donates a proton (H+ ion) H+ + H2O  H3O+ HNO3 + H2O  H3O+ + NO3- HBr + H2O  H3O+ + Br- Acid

  4. Base Anything that increases the hydroxide ion (OH-) concentration Base – substance that can accept a proton Direct – OH- is contained in the baseNaOH + H2O  Na+ + OH- + H2OIndirect – OH- is produced in the reactionNH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH-

  5. Strong acid/BaseIs completely converted to ions in water

  6. Weak acid/BaseIs partially converted to ionsin water

  7. Strong and Weak One Way or Two Way Arrow O

  8. Properties of Acids • Turn Litmus indicator red • Taste Sour • Dissolve active metals • Produce CO2 when added to limestone • React with bases to form a salt and water

  9. Properties of Bases • Turn Litmus indicatorblue • Taste bitter • Feel Slippery • React with acids to form a salt and water

  10. Common Acids and Bases AcidsBases Vinegar Ammonia Tomatoes Baking Soda Citrus Fruits Soap Carbonated Pop Detergents Gastric Fluid Oven Cleaners Vitamin C Lye Aspirin Drain Cleaners

  11. Acids to know • HCl Hydrochloric Acid • H2SO4 Sulfuric Acid • HNO3 Nitric Acid • HC2H3O2 Acetic Acid

  12. Bases to know • Alkali metal Hydroxides • LiOH Lithium Hydroxide • NaOH Sodium Hydroxide • KOH Potassium Hydroxide • NH3 Ammonia

  13. Neutralization Any time you react an acid with a base you get a salt and water HCl + NaOH  NaCl + H2O Acid base salt water HNO3 + LiOH  LiNO3 + H2O

  14. Self ionization H2O + H2O  H3O+ + OH-

  15. Ways to determine pH • Taste • Litmus Paper • PH strips • Indicators • pH meter • Acids react with metals or carbonates

  16. Titration Experiment • How do you know how much acid is in a solution….......... ………How about Taste It?

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