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Began in what is now Pakistan (Indus Valley) Dates to 1500 BC …worlds oldest religion?

HINDUISM Origins. Began in what is now Pakistan (Indus Valley) Dates to 1500 BC …worlds oldest religion? 950 million Hindus worldwide. 3 rd largest religion Most Hindus still live in India & Nepal. HINDUISM Concepts.

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Began in what is now Pakistan (Indus Valley) Dates to 1500 BC …worlds oldest religion?

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  1. HINDUISM Origins • Began in what is now Pakistan (Indus Valley) • Dates to 1500 BC …worlds oldest religion? • 950 million Hindus worldwide. 3rd largest religion • Most Hindus still live in India & Nepal

  2. HINDUISM Concepts Brahman is the power which upholds and supports everything. According to some Hindus this power is identified with the self (atman) while others regard it as distinct from the self. AtmanSoul is eternal and goes through samsara… Samsara Cycle of birth, death and rebirth determined by one's positive or negative karma… Karma The consequences of one's actions Moksha Liberation of one's soul (atman) Brahman the power which upholds and supports everything. Some identify it with the self (atman) while others regard it as distinct from the self. Hindus’ Religious Goal Learn to act so as to finally achieve, escaping the rebirth cycle (samsara)

  3. HINDUISM Concepts • ATMAN Analogy: The Driver in the Vehicle http://hinduism.iskcon.org • A car cannot run without a driver. Similarly, the body will not work without the presence of the soul. • Just as a young child may not realize that each and every car needs a driver for it to move, those without developed knowledge perceive the body but fail to see the soul within. • The driver may identify with his car and even feel kinship with drivers of a similar model. Similarly feelings of friendship or enmity arise from identifying with the body

  4. HINDUISM Concepts • ATMANAnalogy: The Driver in the Vehicle http://hinduism.iskcon.org • The driver develops a deep attachment to the car, so in an accident he commonly upset. If the soul identifies with the body in the same way, then – preoccupied with the body's condition – he becomes caught in a web of distress and happiness. • The driver is not satisfied maintaining the car alone without looking after his own needs. Similarly, looking after the body alone cannot satisfy the soul. • Although the driver is not the vehicle, he will move according to the nature of the car, namely fast, slow, etc. • The same driver can get out of one vehicle and drive another. Similarly, the soul leaves one body and enters another.

  5. HINDUISM Concepts • SAMSARAAnalogy: Replacing old clothes with new. http://hinduism.iskcon.org • As the body wears clothes, the soul "wears" the body. • We discard clothes when they become old and useless, and buy and put on new ones. • We buy clothes on the basis of (1) what we want, and (2) what we can afford. Similarly, we get our next body according to (1) our desires and (2) our karma. • Just as a person wears layers of clothing, the soul wears a number of material coverings. They are primarily two: • the subtle body, also called the astral or ghost body It consists largely of the mind and usually remains with the soul as it quits the gross body. • the gross or external body, which the soul (with the subtle body) discards at death

  6. HINDUISM Concepts • Ashram: spiritual community gathered around a guru • Avatar: incarnation of a deity • Bhakti: devotion to a personal aspect of a deity • Brahman: impersonal Ultimate Principle • Brahmin: highest in order of 4 occupational groups in caste • Caste: social class based on birth or occupation • Chakra: energy center in subtle body • Darsan: Visual encounter with the divine thru images or guru • Deva: deity • Dharma: behaviors that are considered to be in accord with order that makes life and universe possible • Guru: enlightened or spiritual leader

  7. HINDUISM Concepts Kali Yuga: Age of chaos and selfishness Karma: effects of actions on life now and later Moksha: liberation of the soul Prana: the invisible life force Puja: ritual worship Rishi: Hindu sage

  8. Ashram: spiritual community gathered around a guru Avatar: incarnation of a deity Bhakti: devotion to a personal aspect of a deity Brahman: impersonal Ultimate Principle Brahmin: highest in order of 4 occupational groups in caste Caste: social class based on birth or occupation Chakra: energy center in subtle body Darsan: Visual encounter with the divine thru images or guru Deva: deity Dharma: Natural, social ethical order Guru: enlightened or spiritual leaderKali Yuga: Age of chaos and selfishness Karma: effects of actions on life now and laterMantra: sound or a phrase chanted to evoke a sound vibration specific to worshipMoksha: liberation of the soulPrana: the invisible life forcePuja: ritual worshipRishi: Hindu sageShaivite: worshipper of Shiva Shakta: worshipper of female aspect of deitySiva or Shiva: incarnation creator, preserver Sannyasin: renunciate spiritual seeker Sutra: thread strung with jewels Vaisnavite: devotee to Vishna/KrisnaVishnu/Vishna: incarnation to save/preserve the world Yantra: linear cosmic symbol used as aid to spiritual concentration Yoga: paths to liberation from suffering

  9. HINDUISM Scriptures • Most Important Scriptures • Vedas • Upanishads • Bhagavad-Gita

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