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Slobodan Mitric

Slobodan Mitric. Strategic Urban Transport Issues in Belgrade Presentation on July 21, 2003. Generic structure of an urban transport strategy. What is to be done? “Routine” matters Policies (regulations) investments How will it be paid for? (funding)

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Slobodan Mitric

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  1. Slobodan Mitric Strategic Urban Transport Issues in Belgrade Presentation on July 21, 2003

  2. Generic structure of an urban transport strategy • What is to be done? • “Routine” matters • Policies (regulations) • investments • How will it be paid for? (funding) • Who is going to do it? (institutions)

  3. What is to be done? (1) • “Routine” matters • Road maintenance • Traffic management • Parking management • Traffic law enforcement • Public transport operations

  4. What is to be done? (2) • Public transport policies • Network/service design • Fare policy • Operating arrangements (public, private) • Regulatory instruments (contracts, concessions, ..) • Road use policies • Restraint, pricing • Parking policies • Supply policy • Restraint, time control, pricing • Operating arrangement

  5. What is to be done (3) • Investments (links, interchanges, bridges) • Road investments • Terminals and parking structures • Public transport fleet & equipment • Public transport infrastructure

  6. Financing • User fees (transfers, locally-generated) • Public budgets (transfers, locally-generated) • Private investments • Borrowing

  7. Institutions • Organizations (local, regional, national) • Jurisdiction (systemic laws, regulations, local ordinances, …) • Staffing • Funding • Processes • Instruments (budgets, studies, plans, ..)

  8. Belgrade (1) • 1.3m population, 1.8m region • low natural growth, but in-migration due to wars, much illegal construction • 225 people/ha density in central core, but “socialist” density pattern • located on a t-intersection of two major rivers (dependence on bridges)

  9. Belgrade (2) • High unemployment • Average monthly wage $175 • Poverty (Serbia): 11% under EU 2.4 expenditure per HH/day • Another 22% close to the threshold • Huge rise in inequality due to war, unruly transition

  10. Belgrade (#) • Motorization rate: 180 cars per 1,000 population in the region, 200-250 in the inner city • Modal split: • 40% public transport • 35% walk • 19% cars

  11. Belgrade (4) • Road network: • low-capacity • TM effort in disarray • little parking control • little law enforcement • Parking: • little-off street capacity • chaotic on-street, on-pavement parking

  12. Belgrade (4) • Public transport system: • Municipal Transport Company (1,100 street-based buses and trolley-buses, and trams on mainly protected track; 870 in peak service) • 350 buses privately owned and operated under contract to the City Gov’t (fixed fare, no subsidy) • Beovoz: low-frequency regional rail service on a 100-km network, underground inside city

  13. Belgrade: diagnostic • Fierce competition for scarce street space • “Routine” institutions in disarray • Presence of low-income and poor people constrains fare policy (30-35% cost recovery) • Large size “choice” market calls for high-quality PT services • Weakness of regional road network implies much through traffic, but collapse of road funding on national level, and transfer mechanisms, means little action

  14. Belgrade: strategic issues • Management of street space not effective • Municipal company – an outdated organizational form • Regulation of private operators – incomplete • Inadequate pricing policies • Investment decisions: weak processes, out-of-date instruments, absence of economic and financial criteria

  15. Belgrade: metro vs. light-rail controversy • Long history of debate, interrupted by decade of wars • Update of Urban General Plan: leans towards light-rail in 2-3 major corridors • SYSTRA Study: leans towards near-classical metro in 3 corridors; price tag EU2,800m (2003-2021) for a 42-km system, but …..

  16. Belgrade: metro vs. light rail • … but: • No recent demand surveys, models • No thorough comparison of options: SYSTRA used a multi-criteria approach to eliminate all but do-nothing and metro options • Pressure to take a “build” decision without further planning studies

  17. Belgrade paradox • Bus and tram vehicles received as gifts from governments of Japan, Switzerland,.. • City Government is starting to lean towards starting the first metro line

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