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Causes Of the War of 1812 • Impressment of American Sailors • Indian raids in the North West • America’s treatment of loyalist after the Revolutionary War • British retaining their forts in North America after the Revolutionary War • Desire for Canada
Impressment of U.S. Sailors • Great Britain would kidnap our sailors • The main cause of the War of 1812
Impressment of U.S. Sailors • http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/sharemed/targets/images/pho/t029/t029025a.jpg&imgrefurl=http://encarta.msn.com/media_461520729_761571913_-1_1/Impressment_of_American_Sailors.html&h=340&w=612&sz=39&tbnid=feRIKkV0KOkJ:&tbnh=74&tbnw=133&hl=en&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwar%2Bof%2B1812%2B%2Bimpressment%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26safe%3Doff
Indian Raids in the North West • Several Indian tribes were unified in a war against the United States. • The Indians would raid small country towns and then retreat to the British forts where we couldn’t kill them. • Added to our resentment for the British retaining their forts
Treatment of Loyalist • The U.S. government refused to return seized loyalist property • The 1783 Treaty of Paris stipulated that we would return loyalist property • Made British angry
British Forts in the United States • The 1783 Treaty of Paris stipulated that all British holdings would be forfeited to the United States Government. • It wasn’t and the British held on to their forts. • Indians launched attacks from the British Forts • We wanted to control all of our land
Want of Canadian Land • This was a minor cause of the War of 1812 • Some Americas wanted more room to expand into. Mainly for farming and agriculture
http://www.volny.cz/esi-lessons/Lessons/Maturita%20Materials/Canada%20map.jpghttp://www.volny.cz/esi-lessons/Lessons/Maturita%20Materials/Canada%20map.jpg
Attempts to avoid war • Jay Treaty 1795- Washington sent Supreme Court Justice John Jay to negotiate a truce and stop Impressment • Treaty of Greenville 1795- Set up boundaries between the U.S. and Indian land. • Monroe-Pinkney Treaty 1806- A treaty that tried to stabilize relations between the U.S. and Great Britain but was never ratified by Congress.
War Hawks • American Politicians who wanted to go to war • Henry Clay- Speaker of the House • John C. Calhoun • James Madison ran on a pro war campaign
Battles • Not important for the A.P. exam, but just in case look at the map
Dolly Madison • The British soldiers burnt Washington D.C. • Dolly Madison saved a picture of George Washington when the White House was set on fire. • Not a historically accurate Picture
Francis Scott Key • Was on board a British ship during a bombardment on Fort McHenry • Was inspired by the American resolve and wrote the words to the Star Spangled Banner
Battle of New Orleans • Was fought after the Treaty of Ghent was already signed in Belgium • Propelled Andrew Jackson to the national spotlight and allowed him to start his political career • Let him wave the “bloody shirt” in his presidential elections
The Treaty of Ghent • Signed December 24, 1814 in Belgium • Officially ended the War of 1812 • The Battle of New Orleans was fought after the treaty was already signed • All land that was taken during the war was returned to the original owner
Effects of the War of 1812 • Nationalism increased • Proved our independence • Second War for Independence • Federalist Party was Destroyed • North East manufacturing was able to grow