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Understanding Anticyclones: Effects on Mid-Latitude Weather Systems

This lecture explores the significance of high-pressure systems, particularly anticyclones, in mid-latitude weather patterns. It delves into how these systems differ from low-pressure areas, detailing their weather phenomena including heat waves, droughts, cold waves, and air pollution episodes. Learn about the specific terminology, conditions leading to these events, and their severe consequences such as hypothermia, crop damage, heat stress, and air quality deterioration. A comprehensive look at how anticyclones shape our weather and impact natural and human systems.

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Understanding Anticyclones: Effects on Mid-Latitude Weather Systems

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  1. ATM OCN 100 - Summer 2002LECTURE 30 MID-LATITUDE WEATHER SYSTEMS:PART III: ANTICYCLONESA. INTRODUCTION • Are high pressure systems important? • How do they differ from low pressure systems?

  2. So What About Highs?Anticyclone Weather FeaturesFrom UIUC WW2010

  3. ANTICYCLONE “HAZARDS” • Heat Waves • Droughts • Air Pollution Episodes • Cold Waves

  4. COLD WAVES • Terminology • COLD WAVE • Rapid fall in temperatures over 24 hours • EXTREME COLD • Temperatures well below normal. • Situation • A cold-core Arctic high moves equatorward. • Consequences • Hypothermia to humans; • Leading edge maybe accompanied by blizzards; • Freeze damage to citrus crops.

  5. DROUGHTS • Terminology • An abnormally long interval with little precipitation causing a serious moisture deficit. • Situation • A warm-core high becomes stagnant over region. • Consequences • Crop and vegetation losses; • Water crises and water restrictions; • Often associated with heat waves.

  6. HEAT WAVES • Terminology • A multi-day interval with excessive heat and unusually high humidity. • Situation • A warm-core high becomes stagnant over region. • Consequences • Heat stress and hyperthermia to humans; • Crop and vegetation losses; • Often associated with droughts.

  7. AIR POLLUTION EPISODES • Terminology • An extended time interval where concentrations of atmospheric contaminants reach dangerous levels. • Situation • A high becomes stagnant over region. • Consequences • Increased smog; • An unhealthy environment for humans; • A reduction in visibility.

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