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Geopolitics

Explore Geopolitics as a realist, conservative, and determinist theory of international relations. Dive into its origins in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, covering key events like the formation of the Antant alliance, Mackinder's sea-and-land power speech, and the completion of the colonial system. Witness the creation of nation-states in Europe, the emergence of a global economy, mass production and innovations, and the evolution of the world system. Discover how Geopolitics views wars, chaos in international relations, and the significance of state power.

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Geopolitics

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  1. Geopolitics As a Realist, Conservative and Determinist Theory of International Relations

  2. Origins, Late 19th, Early 20th Century • 20th Century’s history started in Bosnia, ended in Bosnia • Ca. 1904: Antant formed, international alliance system • Ca. 1904: Mackinder’s speech on sea and land powers and mobility • The colonial system completed in the World • Nation states created in Europe

  3. Origins II. • Global economy and trade as a worldwide network (first steps of globalisation?) • Mass production and innovations • Global infrastructure (ports, telegraph, urbanisation, railway) • Mass production and innovations in weapons

  4. Origins III. • World system • Two groups of European States • By the status of competition for space

  5. Other Sciences • Biology, Evolution: • Evolutionism, Charles Darwin • Social Evolutionists, like Herbert Spencer • Biology, Level of Observation: • Moritz Wagner • Super Organism

  6. Rudolf Kjellén • Swedish professor of political sciences • 1899 created the word: Geopolitics (also National Socialism) • The first book in 1916 in Swedish, in 1917 in German: • The State as a Living Form • Competition and age of states, • changing balance between states • Changing borders between states

  7. Summary • Geopolitics is Realist because: • Accepts the wars as interaction between states • Chaos in the International Relations • Relation between states (and border situation) depend on the power of states • International organisations have importance only if they are military organisations

  8. Homework for All • Written definiton of Geopolitics and Key Geopoliticians 1 page • Differences between Geopolitics and Geopolitik A few sentences

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