1 / 20

America Moves Toward War: Part II

America Moves Toward War: Part II. Do Now!.

ianna
Download Presentation

America Moves Toward War: Part II

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. America Moves Toward War: Part II

  2. Do Now! We look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression – everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way – everywhere in the world. The third freedom from want… everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear… anywhere in the world. -Who is the speaker of this quote? -What is this quote in reference to?

  3. Americans Join the War Effort • After Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, the Japan Times newspaper said America was “trembling in their shoes” • But if America was trembling, it was with rage, not fear • “Remember Pearl Harbor” was the rallying cry as America entered WWII

  4. Selective Service and the G.I. • After Pearl Harbor five million Americans enlisted to fight in the war • The Selective Service expanded the draft and eventually provided an additional 10 million soldiers • Basic training lasted 8 weeks

  5. Expanding the Military: Women • Army Chief of Staff General George Marshall pushed for the formation of the Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC) • Under this program women worked in non-combat roles such as nurses, ambulance drivers, radio operators, and pilots

  6. Recruiting and Discrimination • Despite discrimination at home, minority populations contributed to the war effort • 1,000,000 African Americans served in the military • 300,000 Mexican-Americans • 33,000 Japanese Americans • 25,000 Native Americans • 13,000 Chinese Americans These “Golden 13” Great Lakes officers scored the highest marks ever on the Officers exam in 1944

  7. A Production Miracle • Americans converted their auto industry into a war industry • The nation’s automobile plants began to produce tanks, planes, boats, and command cars • Many other industries also converted to war-related supplies

  8. Labor's Contribution • By 1944, nearly 18 million workers were laboring in war industries (3x the # in 1941) • More than 6 million of these were women • Earned less than what men earned • Employers could not hire enough women when they realized that women could do the same work as men • Nearly 2 million were minorities • A. Philip Randolph • Executive Order 8802

  9. Hollywood Helps Mobilization • The following is a few films that were created to inspire U.S. involvement: • The Ramparts We Watched & Baptism of Fire (1940) • Why We Fight (1942 -) • Hitler, Beast of Berlin (1939) • Confessions of a Nazi Spy (1939) • Most Important: Although these films portrayed Nazis in a negative light, the films made during the Second World War did NOT address the Holocaust, nor did they portray Jews

  10. Mobilization of Scientists • In 1941, FDR created the Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) to bring scientists into the war effort • Focus was on radar and sonar to locate submarines • Also the scientists worked on penicillin and pesticides like DDT • The Manhattan Project

  11. Federal Gov't Takes Control: Inflation • With prices of goods threatening to rise out of control, FDR responded by creating the Office of Price Administration (OPA) • The OPA froze prices on most goods and encouraged the purchase of war bonds to fight inflation Be sure to Review the Chart on Pg. 773

  12. War Production Board • To ensure the troops had ample resources, FDR created the WPB • The WPB decided which companies would convert to wartime production and how to best allocate raw materials to those industries

  13. Collection Drives • The WPB also organized nationwide drives to collect scrap iron, tin cans, paper, rags and cooking fat for recycling • Additionally, the OPA set up a system of rationing • Households had set allocations of scarce goods – gas, meat, shoes, sugar, coffee

  14. The Pin-Ups! Betty Grable – An All American Girl! - #1 selling Pin-Up in America Rita Hayworth - #2 selling Pin-Up in America

  15. Exit Question • Has U.S. mobilization for war evolved? If yes, in what ways? If no, how has it remained the same? Explain your answer.

More Related