The Mogollon, the Anasazi, and the Hohokam

1. The Mogollon, the Anasazi, and the Hohokam Adaptations and Alterations Made for Survival

3. The Mogollon~1 a.d. – 1450 a.d.

5. Mogollon Habitat • Mountain and desert dwellers • Gila River Country • Mimbres River • San Francisco River

6. Mogollon Habitat Mountain dwellers Desert dwellers blm.gov/az

7. Mogollon Habitat Gila River Country blm.gov/az

8. Mogollon Habitat Mimbres & San Francisco Rivers nmsu.edu

9. How the Mogollon got food and other goods • Hunter-Gatherers: bighorn sheep, elk, mule deer, white-tail deer, antelope, beaver, badger, jackrabbits, cottontails, turkeys • Farmers: corn, beans, squash, cotton • Traders: traded with people from the coast for shells and pots

10. How the Mogollon got food and other goodsHunter-Gatherers blm.gov

11. How the Mogollon got food and other goodsFarmers Corn Squash www.pecad.fas.usda.gov blog.usa.gov

12. How the Mogollon got food and other goodsTraders statemuseum.arizona.edu

13. Mogollon Artifacts • spear points • stone knives • grinding bones(deer, rabbit, squirrel, gopher, prairie dog, badger, pronghorn and mountain sheep)

14. Mogollon ArtifactsSpear Points, Stone Knives statemuseum.arizona.edu

15. Mogollon ArtifactsBones blm.gov

16. More Artifacts • PotteryBrown or red before 900 a.d.Mimbres (black on white) in 900 a.d. • Stone axes ground on 3 sides • Shell pendants, bone hairpins

17. Artifacts Mimbres Pottery Blm.gov statemuseum.arizona.edu Nps.gov

18. ArtifactsStone Axes Nps.gov

19. ArtifactsShell Pendants, Hair Pins statemuseum.arizona.edu

20. Mogollon Adaptations and Alterations1.Totally relied on environment 2. Followed seasons

21. Mogollon Adaptations and AlterationsMay have left area due to climate change or drought which would lead to food shortages

22. Mogollon RuinsGila Cliff DwellingKinishba Pueblo Grasshopper Q Ranch Pueblo Point of Pines Pueblo

23. Mogollon RuinsGila Cliff Dwellings nps.gov

24. Mogollon RuinsKinishba Pueblo Nps.gov

25. The Anasazi~100 a.d. - 1300 a.d.

27. Anasazi Habitat Stone architecture Cliff dwellings or pueblos Kiva built in center of plaza -underground -for ceremonies -with benches

28. Anasazi HabitatCliff dwellings or pueblos nps.gov

29. How the Anasazi got food and other goods Farmers: corn or maize, squash Hunter-Gatherers: rabbit, deer, prairie dogs Basket makers

30. How the Anasazi got food and other goodsFarmers usda.gov blog.usa.gov

31. How the Anasazi got food and other goodsHunter-Gatherers blm.gov

32. How the Anasazi got food and other goodsBasket Makers Nps.gov

33. Anasazi Artifacts • Pottery (learned from the Mogollon) • Squash gourds for water • Baskets • Stone tools – spear, throwing stick • Digging sticks

34. ArtifactsPottery Loc.gov

35. ArtifactsSquash gourds for water The gourds used to store water would have looked something like this. Nps.gov

36. Anasazi ArtifactsBaskets Nps.gov

37. Anasazi ArtifactsStone tools Throwing Sticks and Spears Nps.gov

38. Anasazi ArtifactsDigging Sticks Can you imagine using a stick to dig a hole to plant a seed in order to get food?

39. Anasazi Adaptations and Alterations 1. Carried water from source to village 2. Built homes in cliffs for protection from elements and enemies 3. Built homes facing south for heat in winter

40. Anasazi Adaptations and Alterations nps.gov

41. Anasazi Adaptations and Alterations What may have happened to them? Drought Enemies invaded Internal conflict

42. Anasazi Ruins • Mesa Verde • Canyon de Chelly • Kayenta

43. Anasazi RuinsMesa Verde usgs.gov

44. Anasazi RuinsCanyon de Chelly nasa.gov

45. The Hohokam~1 a.d. – 1450 a.d.

47. Hohokam Habitat • Sonoran Desert by rivers • Made homes of ‘jacal’ (adobe) • Villages built around plaza

48. Hohokam Habitat Hohokam adobe dwelling Nps.gov

49. How the Hohokam got food and other goodsFarmers: corn, beans, cotton, agave, and squashHunter-Gatherers

50. How the Hohokam got food and other goodsFarmers Corn Agave Cotton usda.gov Virginia.gov usda.gov