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The POWER of Green IT

The POWER of Green IT. Charles Onstott , Vice President and Chief Technology Officer Homeland and Civilian Solutions Business Unit NASA IT Summit | August 17, 2010. Agenda. Federal Climate Change Policy Developments Legislation Executive Order 13514

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The POWER of Green IT

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  1. The POWER of Green IT Charles Onstott, Vice President and Chief Technology Officer Homeland and Civilian Solutions Business Unit NASA IT Summit | August 17, 2010

  2. Agenda • Federal Climate Change Policy Developments • Legislation • Executive Order 13514 • E.O. 13514 and Other Reasons to Embrace Green IT • Green IT Transformation Roadmap • E.O. 13514 IT Objectives • Many Additional Benefits Beyond Environmental Impact • Greening the Data Center • Greening the Office Environment • EPA Energy Star • Measurement Recommendations • Green IT - A Continuing Process

  3. Federal Climate Change Policy Developments

  4. Cap and Trade Legislation • H.R. 2454 - American Clean Energy and Security Act (ACES) • Passed by the House of Representatives on June 26, 2009 • S.1733 - Clean Energy Jobs and American Power Act • Introduced 09/30/09 • Graham-Kerry-Lieberman • Draft circulating through senate – March 1, 2010

  5. GHG Reductions from Caps and Complimentary Policies

  6. 2008 CO2 Emissions from Fossil FuelCombustion by Sector and Fuel Type 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 2,363 Relative Contributionby Fuel Type Petroleum Coal Natural Gas 1,785 Tg CO2 Eq. 819 343 219 43 Industrial ElectricityGeneration Residential Commercial U.S. Territories Transportation Note: Electricity generation also includes emissions of less than 0.5 Tg CO2 Eq. from geothermal-basedelectricity generation.

  7. Impact of Legislation onElectric Power Companies • Depending on caps, power companies may need to purchase additional emissions allowances • Costs for these may be passed on to consumers • Power companies will need to invest in CO2 capture and storage technologies • Initial credits per ton of CO2 captured not economically attractive, i.e. not enough to offset capture and storage investments • Net result – power company costs will increase • Who will pay for that?

  8. IT Resources, Especially Data Centers,Are Huge Users of Power Projected Electricity Use, by Space Type, Historical Trends Scenario, 2007 to 2011 • Source: Report to Congress on Server and Data Center Energy Efficiency Public Law 109-431 • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ENERGY STAR Program, August 2, 2007

  9. Data Centers are Also a Target of Recent Policy • As data centers grow, their carbon footprints also grow • If data centers don’t keep up with the annual decrease in emissions allowances, they will pay the price by purchasing additional allowances • If power comes from a coal-fired power plant the cost will be higher • Closer monitoring of power usage is only part of the solution • E.O. 13514 specifically calls out Data Centers as an area for attention

  10. Executive Order 13514: Federal Leadership in Environmental, Energy, and Economic Performance Sustainability Goals • Reduce GHG Emissions • Reduce the Use of Fossil Fuels & Downsize Vehicle Fleets • Improve Water Use Efficiency • Prevent Pollution • Advance Regional & Local Integrated Planning • Design Sustainable Federal Buildings • Implement Sustainable Acquisition Techniques • Promote Electronics Stewardship

  11. NASA’s Sustainability Progress • Ames Research Center – Greenspace Initiative • Green Aviation • Global Prediction, Monitoring, and Response • Clean Energy • Sustainable Systems • Ames Sustainability Base • Energy efficient building design (has net-zero energy usage) • Nebula cloud computing initiative

  12. Executive Order (E.O.) 13514 and Other Reasons to Embrace Green IT

  13. Green IT – A Transformation Roadmap Transformation Steps Current State Target State • High energy consumption • High compliance risks • High enterprise costs • Low IT asset utilization • Suboptimal business performance • Reduced energy consumption • Reduced compliance risks • Reduced enterprise costs • Improved IT asset utilization • Improved business performance • Infrastructure rationalization • Data center modernization • Smart technology selection • Virtualization • Thin client • Cloud / utility computing • Effective governance • Architecture-based planning Metrics-Based Process

  14. E.O. 13514 Information Technology Related Objectives • Ensure 95% of new contract actions, task orders, and delivery orders for products and services (excluding weapon systems): • Energy efficient (ENERGY STAR® or FEMP-designated) • Environmentally preferable (Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool (EPEAT) certified) • Contain recycled content • Implement best management practices for the energy-efficient management of servers and Federal data centers Source: DOE Summary of E.O. 13514

  15. Green IT – Target Technology Areas • Data Center • Data Center facilities • Server consolidation and virtualization • Storage consolidation and virtualization • Office Environment • Virtualized desktops and applications for maximum flexibility and lower power consuming device access • Smart terminals, laptops and mobile devices as principle access devices in the enterprise • Passive Optical Networking (PON) • Document distribution management

  16. Many Additional Benefits Beyond Environmental Impact Technologies that support Green IT also support other IT organization objectives, such as: • Reduced cost • Improved agility and responsiveness • Improved security • Improved performance • Decreased complexity

  17. Greening the Data Center Data Center Facility Considerations • Physical layout • Minimize power consumption • Maximize power density • Minimize physical space requirement • Use low-emission building materials, carpets, and paints • Maximize Cooling Efficiency • Hot Row/Cold Row • Aisle containment • Tile placement • Consider economizers • Distribution of power across racks within 10%-15% variance • Temperature settings • Replace old UPS systems

  18. Greening the Data Center Server and Storage Optimization Server Virtualization • Run multiple operating systems on a single physical server • Run different operating systems on the same physical server • Rapidly move from physical server to physical server • Automate provisioning of servers Storage Optimization • Storage Area Network (SAN) / Network Attached Storage (NAS) • Tiered Storage Services • Reduce the number of storage devices • Data archiving

  19. Greening the Data Center Server Virtualization Green IT Benefits • Decreased power consumption • Decreased hardware disposal • Decreased carbon emission Other Benefits • Decreased overall power costs • Decreased overall facility costs • Decreased O&M costs • Increases centralization of administration • Improved service response time • Increased flexibility

  20. Greening the Data CenterCloud Computing Considerations • Key features/aspects of cloud computing • Self-service • Rapid provisioning • Scalability • Utility pricing • Four types of cloud computing deployment models (NIST) • Public • Private • Hybrid • Community • Key benefits of cloud computing • Transfers capital investments to third party • Potential energy savings at scale for cloud providers • Potential reduction in time to provision a new service

  21. Desktop virtualization Hosting several desktop operating systems on a single server Separation of the operating system from the desktop hardware Multiple desktop operating systems on the same desktop hardware Automate provisioning of desktops Application virtualization Encapsulation of applications from the operating system Presentation versus Streaming Greening the Office EnvironmentDesktop and Application Virtualization

  22. Greening the Office EnvironmentBenefits of Desktop and Application Virtualization User Profile User Settings ApplicationVirtualization LAN/WAN/HTTPSConnectivity Applications OS Streaming OperatingSystem On DemandVirtual Desktop Users Data Center Green IT Benefits • Decreased energy consumption • Increased life span • Recyclable components • Telecommuting Other Benefits • Lowers Total Cost of Ownership • Simplifies Desktop Management • Increased Security • Access from variety of devices

  23. Greening the Office EnvironmentSecure Converged Solution • Passive Optical Networking • Optical network distribution • Optical cabling to the device to close to the device • No power requirements (passive) • Proven Technology • First standards developed in 1995 • ITU and IEEE standards-based • Fiber optic broadband subscribers now surpass cable subscribers • No electronics between the data center and end user for 40 miles or more • Eliminates workgroup switches in the riser closets • No need for backup power in riser closets (UPS systems) • As future technology evolves only the endpoints need upgrading • Maximizes return on investment (ROI)

  24. Greening the Office EnvironmentSecure Converged Solution (SCS) Green IT Benefit • No electronics between the data center and end user for 40 miles or more • Reduces and efficiently disperses power • Reduces space requirements • Reduces specialized cooling requirements Other Benefits • Globally standardized transport solution for Passive Optical Networking (PON) technology • Converges Voice, Data, and Video on to a single fiber • SCS can also provide limited Power over Ethernet (PoE)

  25. Greening the Office EnvironmentDocument Distribution • Document Distribution systems enable document printing workflow • Policies that reduce waste and wear and tear: • Require users go to any printer to retrieve document • Require users authenticate at printer to print • Digital signature and encryption

  26. Greening the Office EnvironmentDocument Distribution Green IT Benefits • Decrease paper and toner use • Prolong equipment life Other Benefits • Decreases costs • Improves security • Users pick up documents where they want • Workflow systems also promote end-to-end document management

  27. EPA Energy Star • What is Energy Star • Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants caused by the inefficient use of energy • Voluntary Public/Private partnership program • Easy identification of energy efficient devices and facilities • How do Products Achieve the Label? • Product categories must contribute significant energy savings nationwide. • Products must be useful and energy saving • Additional costs are recovered through utility bill savings over a reasonable timeframe • Energy consumption and performance can be measured and verified with testing.

  28. EPA Energy StarIT Infrastructure

  29. Green ITMeasurement Recommendations • Measure power consumption of the data center • The Green Grid • Separate metering of power consumption • Consider environmental factors in service level agreements and performance measures • Power measures such as from The Green Grid • PUE • CPU loads on servers • Storage utilization, especially for attached storage • Desktop virtualization uptake • Energy Star • Physical server operating times • Use facilities with LEED Silver or Gold standards

  30. Green IT – A Continuing Process Green IT can be accomplished, sustained, and improved continuously through an ongoing, multi-step program. Assess status, update baseline, and develop next phase of strategy 1 Assessment and Strategy 1 2 Design solution model for next phase 5 Improvement 2 Design Implement strategy and transition to next capability level 3 GREEN IT 4 Operate under new green IT capability level using metrics 4 Operation 3 Transition 5 Define improvement paths based on operational experience and metrics results

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