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Exploring Water Chemistry: Purification Methods and Contamination Sources

Discover the significance of water, methods of purification, and sources of contamination, from sewage spills to industrial waste. Learn about reverse osmosis, activated carbon filtration, and boiling water for a cleaner world.

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Exploring Water Chemistry: Purification Methods and Contamination Sources

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  1. Introduction to Water Chemistry

  2. Why Water? • Water dissolves more substances than any other liquid, so it carries chemicals, minerals and nutrients as it travels • The U.S. uses ~346 billion gallons of fresh water every day; the average American uses 80-100 gallons every day • The overall amount of water on our planet has remained the same for two billion years • 80% of the Earth’s surface is water and humans can drink only 2.5% of available water

  3. Water Quality Key Terms • Contamination: The presence of a minor component in another chemical or mixture. • Purification: To make something pure or to cleanse. • Remediation: To correct something that has gone bad or defective. • Adsorption: The adhesion of atoms, ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved substance to a surface.

  4. How do we purify water? • Larger-scale methods • reverse osmosis • ultra-filtration • electro-deionization • Smaller-scale methods • filters • boiling

  5. Reverse Osmosis

  6. Filters

  7. Activated Carbon

  8. Boiling Water

  9. Contamination Sources • leaking sewage • leaking underground fuel storage tanks • pesticide and herbicide runoff • landfills and dumps • industrial waste • and more…

  10. Sewage Spills

  11. Underground Storage Tanks

  12. Pesticides and Herbicides

  13. Industrial Waste Spills

  14. ~ Remediation Methods ~Pump-and-Treat

  15. Permeable Reactive Barrier

  16. Nanoparticle Injection

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