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States of Matter. By Mr. Lin. What is Matter?. This is an atom for the element Beryllium. Matter is made from anything that has mass . The basic building block of mass are atoms . Atoms can also join together to make molecules.
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States of Matter By Mr. Lin
What is Matter? This is an atom for the element Beryllium • Matter is made from anything that has mass. • The basic building block of mass are atoms. • Atoms can also join together to make molecules. Image courtesy of http://www.ktf-split.hr/glossary/image/atom.gif This is a water molecule, which joins two Hydrogen atoms (green) With one Oxygen atom (blue). Image Courtesy of http://ghs.gresham.k12.or.us/science/ps/sci/ibbio/chem/notes/chpt2/water.gif
We Can’t See Atoms . . . But since atoms combine to build larger items, we can still observe matter But how?
Observing Matter • If any part of your five senses can sense it, then there is evidence of matter! Homemade Pizza. Matter includes bread, cheese, broccoli, tomato sauce, aluminum, ceramic, and plastic. Swamp at First Landing State Park. Matter includes, water, leaves, tree trunks, and mud. Wind blowing Jean’s hair. Matter includes Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide, as well as the molecules that make up grass, flesh, cotton, hair, and much more.
There are Three States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas
Properties of Solids • Solids have a definite size and shape. • Solids do not change shapes on their own. • The molecules that make it up are stuck in place • Solids can be “broken,” “melted,” or “bent.” Our wedding cake was able to stand on its own and keep its shape because it was solid. Mrs. Lin and I had to use a knife to cut it up. Technically, even when we eat things, the chemicals in our saliva chemically break down the food molecules.
Solids: Molecules • The molecules of a solid are packed together nice and tightly. • On the right, we have an example of salt (NaCl) molecules packed tightly into a solid Image Courtesy of http://www.mie.utoronto.ca/labs/lcdlab/biopic/fig/2.11a.jpg
Properties of Liquids • Liquids have a definite size (or volume). • However, liquids do not have a definite shape. In fact, it molds to the shape of its container. • Liquids can still hold itself together, not allowing it to spread forever. Surface tension has a lot to do with it. The liquids represented here are the Orange Juice and water (of course the ice is solid). As you can see, the liquids have molded Themselves to the shape of their containers.
Liquids: Molecules • Liquid molecules are looser than solid molecules. • In fact, liquid molecules can actually move about. However they are still attracted to each other, thus preventing them from spilling and spreading forever and ever. • This is why droplets of water can hold itself in
Water Droplet The water droplets are, indeed, liquid. When it is on its own without a container, it does not continue to spread. In fact liquids are capable of holding themselves in, thanks to “surface tension.” Image Courtesy of http://misheli.image.pbase.com/g4/83/421983/2/60122163.cdav8498_js.jpg
Properties of Gases • Gases have no shape, size, or color. • On the right is a picture I took on my return from Taiwan. The photograph shows a solid airplane wing. The blue is simply made from the sun and reflections from the ocean and clouds below. The gas in the air, however, is invisible.
Gases: Molecules • While this looks similar to liquid molecules, gas molecules are much farther apart. The molecules are “excited” and full of energy. As a result, the molecules move fast and randomly. Image Courtesy of http://molo.concord.org/database-images/gas_box.jpg
