Sustainable Development “Big Box” City of Charlotte Land Development

1. Sustainable Development “Big Box”City of Charlotte Land Development Dr. Terence J Fagan

2. ?Global Issues?

3. Global Issues

4. Global Issues Depletion of Natural Resources • Soil • Timber • Oil • Minerals • Energy

5. Energy (we need it) Consumption • Perspective: If I ride my bike 17 mph I can generate 100 Watts of power. If Everybody rode their bike for an 100 Watts then the world power would be 6.5 x 1011 W or .65 TW

6. Further World Energy Break Down 2006

7. …fish… With ecosystems in decline, the limits to future profits are… …not boats…

8. First Industrial Revolution: Next Industrial Revolution: People are abundant and nature is scarce — increase resource productivity People are scarce and nature is abundant - increase labor productivity

9. Sustainability WHAT IS IT NOT?

10. Sustainability (Global Solution) “ Human has the ability to make development sustainable to ensure that it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own.” (Bruntland Report)

11. Think Like an Ecosystem "Away has gone away, remember when we used to through things away” (McDonough & Braungart, 2002).

12. Sustainable Projects Currently Working On • Teaching “Big Box” Adaptive Reuse at UNCC • Life Cycle Assessment of Eco-Box • Integrating sustainable design practices into curriculum • Organizing BioFuel Class at CPCC • Organizing Solar Seminar • Part of Center of Sustainability leadership team

13. Local Issues “Big Box” • No added value to the community • Crime • Ascetically unpleasant •  Reduce property tax values • Impede the attraction of new retailers and manufactures

14. Class Description “Big Box” Adaptive Reuse This course will explore the renovation of an abandoned retail space in Charlotte, NC. The class will evaluate the current condition of the facility, suggest future uses of the building and propose conceptual designs that could result in an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable application.

15. People Involved in “Big Box” • Dr. Helene Hilger – Civil and Environmental Engineering Professor at UNCC • Dale Brentrup – Architect Professor at UNCC • Brett Tempest – Ph.D. Candidate in Civil Engineering at UNCC • The Nichols Company – Owner of building • Students • Terence J Fagan (me)

16. Holistic Design • Design is applied foresight • Good design is not designed in a vacuum • Optimize components of a system together 

17. Tunneling Through the Cost Barrier

18. Tunneling Through the Cost Barrier The whole system should be optimized. All measurable benefits should be counted. The right steps should be taken at the right time and in the right sequence.

19. Integrating Design to Capture Multiple Benefits Original Design - 14 Pumps 95 hp

20. Integrating Design to Capture Multiple Benefits Using Whole Design Approach - 1 Pump 7 hp Benefits 92% Energy Savings (YES that is a lot of $$$$$$) + reducing capital cost HOW??? New specs required two design changes Larger Pipes (reduce friction) Laid out pipes FIRST (reduces pipe length)

21. Energy Efficiency

22. Conserve and use Energy efficiently!

23. Solar - 99.9% of the earth’s energy comes from the SUN • Wind - Suns heat also drives winds • Biomass – Sunlight causes plants to grow • Ocean – Can produce thermal energy from sun and mechanical energy from moon (Not talked about) Renewable Energy

24. Hydrogen – Once separated from an element, it can produce energy (Not talked about) • Hydro Power – Uses flowing water to capture energy (Not talked about) • Geothermal – Taps into earth’s internal heat Renewable Energy

25. Passive Solar Energy • Solar Thermal Heat • Solar Thermal Power Plants • Photovoltaic Power Generation • Wind Power • Biomass • Hydro-elctric Power • Geothermal Energy Renewable Energy Technologies

26. Low Impact Development (LID) Mimic a site’s predevelopment hydrology by using design techniques that infiltrate, filter, store, evaporate, and detain runoff close to it source.

27. Low Impact Development (LID) • simple and effective • Economical • Flexible • balanced approach

28. Case StudyRenovating a 200k ft2 Office 20 yr old office building near Chicago Windows had failing seals HVAC system needed renovation. Design Solution Superwindows, deep daylighting, efficient lights and office equipment Benefits 4 x smaller, 4 x more efficient HVAC cost less than renovating old one That 200k pays for everything else Design would save 75% of energy; much better comfort; -5 to +9 month payback >100k US buildings await similar retrofits

29. School in Curibita, Parana Brazil • No electric lights are on in either photo • Top classroom has no lightshelf but high luminance ratios, making the room feel dark compared to the bright window • Bottom classroom under same condition but with lightshelf appears bright with moderate luminance ratios • Lower classroom saves 75% of electricity, so can afford books • Students learn 20–26% faster in well-daylit classrooms • Leverage from education to prosperity and democracy… Courtesy of Greg Franta FAIA, ENSAR Group, Boulder CO