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Emerging Europe

Emerging Europe. Chapter 9. Transforming Roman Empire. Germanic tribes move into empire Franks establish long-lasting kingdom Support of Roman Catholic Church. Roman Catholic Church. Bishop of Rome = Pope Leader of church Gregory I strengthens power of Pope (590-604)

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Emerging Europe

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  1. Emerging Europe Chapter 9

  2. Transforming Roman Empire • Germanic tribes move into empire • Franks establish long-lasting kingdom • Support of Roman Catholic Church

  3. Roman Catholic Church • Bishop of Rome = Pope • Leader of church • Gregory I strengthens power of Pope (590-604) • Active in converting people to Christianity • Archbishop • Bishop • Leads Bishopric • Priest • Leads Parish

  4. Monasticism • Monk • Separates from society • Dedicates life to God • Lives a life of prayer and labor • Heroes of Christian world, provide examples • Missionaries • Live in monasteries, led by Abbot • Female equivalent are nuns

  5. Charlamagne • Frankish King • Expands kingdom, creates Carolingian Empire • Proclaimed Holy Roman Emperor (800) • Emphasis on learning, intellectual rebirth • Carolingian Empire weakens under successors

  6. Invaders • Vikings • Sack and pillage towns • Wreak havoc • Settle at Normandy

  7. Feudalism • Vassals • Knights • Chivalry • Lords/Nobles • Feudal Contract

  8. English Kingdom • Anglo-Saxons • Norman Conquest • Battle of Hastings (1066) • William of Normandy wins • Named King of England • King Henry II – Powerful English King • Emergence of Common Law • English nobles resent power of King John • John signs Magna Carta • English Parliament • House of Lords • House of Commons

  9. French Kingdom • Capetian Dynasty • Philip II Augustus • Expands power of monarchy • Louis IX – Named a Saint • Philip IV “The Fair”

  10. Holy Roman Empire • East Frankish Kingdom • Otto 1 – Named Holy Roman Emperor • German kings tried to rule both German and Italian lands • Frederick I & II lost wars in Italy • Holy Roman Empire was weak

  11. Byzantine Empire • Eastern Roman Empire • Capital is Constantinople • Emperor Justinian reestablishes Roman Empire • Islam is major threat • ER Empire shrinks, renamed Byzantine • Greek and Christian Empire • Eastern Orthodox Church • Patriarch is head of church • Schism divides Christianity

  12. Crusades • Reclaim Holy Land from Muslims • Free Jerusalem from infidels • Opportunity for some to earn wealth • 1st Crusade (1096-1099) • Crusaders take Jerusalem • 2nd Crusade (1147-1149) • Failure • Jerusalem captured by Muslims and Saladin - 1187 • 3rd Crusade (1189-1192) • Fail to take city, Christians allowed access • 4th Crusade (1202-1204) • Pope Innocent III iniates Crusade • Constantinople sacked • Crusades break down Feudal System • Nobles lose power • Kings form strong central Govts.

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