Promotion of Safety

1. Promotion of Safety

2. Body Mechanics • Refers to the way in which the body moves and maintains balance while making the most efficient use of all its parts.

3. 4 Main Reasons to use good body mechanics • Muscles work best when used correctly • Correct use of muscles makes lifting, pulling, and pushing easier • Correct application of body mechanics prevents unnecessary fatigue and strain, and saves energy • Correct application of body mechanics prevents injury to self and others

4. Good Body Mechanic Rules • 1. Use a broad base of support. (8-10 inches apart) • 2. Don’t twist and lift. • 3. Don’t bend for long periods of time. • 4. Get help if the load is too heavy. • 5. Bend from the hips and knees, not the waist. • 6. Use the strongest muscles to do the job. • 7. Push or pull using the weight of your body. • 8. Carry objects close to the body.

5. Ergonomics • Applied science used to promote the safety and well-being of a person by adapting the environment and using techniques to prevent injuries • Correct placement of furniture and equipment • Training in required muscle movements • Efforts to avoid repetitive motions • Awareness of the environment to prevent injuries

6. Checkpoint 1 • Get into groups with your row of desks • Each person in the row grab 3-5 textbooks and do the following • Stand on toes with feet close together • Stand on toes with feet shoulder with apart • Stand w/feet flat on floor but touching • Stand w/feet flat on floor but shoulder width and one foot slightly forward • Balance your weight on both feet (This position should feel the most secure to you!!)

7. Checkpoint 2 • Place textbook on the floor • BEND FROM THE HIPS AND KNEES (NOT THE WAIST) AND KEEP YOUR BACK STRAIGHT TO PICK UP THE BOOK. RETURN TO STANDING…

8. Checkpoint 3 • Place book b/t thumb and fingers, but not touching the palm of your hand, and hold your hand straight out in front of your body • Slowly move your hand towards your body, stopping several times to feel the weight of the book in different positions • Finally, hold the book with your entire hand and bring your hand close to your body. • *This position should be the most comfortable • This illustrates the need to carry heavy objects close to your body and to use the strongest muscles to do the job

9. OSHA • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Requires that: • All substances must be labeled • Labels must identify: • physical & health hazards • precaution measures • PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) • directions for using substance safely • storage and disposal information • labels MAY NOT be removed • If a label is missing, do not use the chemical!!!

10. OSHA • A hazardous material is any substance that presents a physical or health hazard. • OSHA requires that employees understand the risks and know how to handle hazardous substances. • Physical hazards can cause fire or explosions. • Health hazards can cause be acute (short) or chronic (long) term.

11. OSHA Requires Employers inform employees of all chemicals and hazards in the workplace • In addition, all manufacturers must provide Material Safety Data Sheets. MSDS provide detailed information about • Product & company identification • Ingredient information • Hazard identification • First aid measures • Fire fighting measures • Accidental release measures • Handling & storage • Exposure controls/ PPE • Stability & reactivity • Employees must know the location of the MSDS and how to use them

13. Bloodborne Pathogen Standard • Protect health care providers from diseases caused by exposure to body fluids • Examples: blood and blood components, urine, stool, semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, mucus, and other similar fluids • Diseases contracted from body fluids • Hepatitis B • Hepatitis C • AIDS

14. Bloodborne Pathogen Standards • Employers must: • Exposure control plan to minimize or eliminate employee exposure to bloodborne pathogens • ID employees who have occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens • Provide Hepatitis B vaccine free of charge • Provide Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) • Gloves, gowns, lab coats, masks, face shields • Maintain worksite in a clean and sanitary condition and decontaminate infected surfaces properly • Provide color-coded containers (i.e. sharps containers) • Post warning signs where applicable • Provide training to employees

15. Standard Precautions for Infection Control

16. Standard Precautions in Action • Standard Precautions Video • Write down 5 Facts most interesting to YOU that the video discusses. Everyone should have different answers.

17. Lab Rules Students may not: • be in lab without teacher • be in storage areas without permission • sit or lay on beds • use equipment without permission • Observe all safety precautions if performing a lab on another student and only do what you have been instructed to do

18. Safety Rules - Electrical • Do not operate equipment until you have been trained to use it • Check electrical cords for fraying and grounding prongs • Make sure equipment is calibrated properly by checking for 8’s on the LED

19. Safety Rules - Solutions • Do not mix solutions • Never use solutions from unlabeled bottles • Check solution labels 3 times • Wear appropriate protective gear • Report spill immediately

20. Safety – Patient Care • Do not perform procedures on patients unless directed to do so • Provide privacy • Identify patients properly • Explain procedures completely • Be aware of hazards as they develop • Check safety check points before leaving room

21. Safety - Personal • Protect yourself and others • Use correct body mechanics • Wear proper uniform • Walk – do not run, and keep to the right • Report injury or accident promptly • Report unsafe conditions immediately • Keep all areas clean and neat

22. Safety - Personal • Wash hands frequently • Wear protective gear when needed • Dry hands before handling electrical equipment • Flush areas that come in contact with solutions immediately

23. FIRE Elements of fire • oxygen • heat (a spark or flame) • fuel One of these must be eliminated to extinguish a fire. Fire prevention • storage of flammable materials • maintenance of electrical equipment • non smoking facility

24. Fire Extinguishers • Class A- (pressurized water) • Use on combustibles.For ordinary materials such as paper, cloth, wood, and cardboard. • Class B- (carbon dioxide CO2 ) • Use flammable or combustible liquids. • For gasoline, oil, paint, liquid, cooking fats, etc. • Leaves a powdery, snowlike residue that irritates the skin and eyes. • If water is used on these types of fires, it will spread. • Class C- (dry chemical-contains potassium bicarbonate or potassium chloride). • Use on electrical fires. • For energized electrical equipment such as power tools, appliances, and switches. • Water is particularly dangerous because of the risk of electrical shock. • Class ABC –(graphite-type chemical) • Use on all fires. Multipurpose extinguisher.

25. Fire Extinguishers • Four types (used on) • A – wood, paper, cloth, plastic • B – gas, pain, grease, oil • C – electrical • D– Combustible metals • All fire extinguishers must be serviced yearly by a professional and checked monthly

28. RACE

29. RACE • R-Rescue anyone in immediate danger • A-Activate the Alarm • C-Contain the Fire • E-Extinguish the fire or Evacuate

30. In Case of a Fire • Remain calm • If your safety is in danger, evacuate the area and sound the alarm. • If the fire is small (and you are not in danger) determine what type of fire it is and use the proper extinguisher. • Know your health facility’s fire safety plan • Remove patients from harm • Sound the alarm • Close all doors and windows • Shut off electrical equipment and oxygen • Do NOT use the elevators

31. Rules for Preventing Fire • Obey No Smoking signs • Extinguish matches, cigarettes, and other flammable items completely • Dispose of all waster materials in proper containers • Before using electrical equipment, check for damaged cords or improper grounding. • Avoid overloading electrical outlets. • Store flammable materials in proper containers and in safe areas. If you spill a flammable liquid, wipe it up immediately. • Do not allow clutter to accumulate in rooms, closets, doorways or traffic areas. Make sure nothing is blocking fire exits. • When oxygen is in use, post a No-Smoking – Oxygen in Use sign. Remove all smoking materials from the room.