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Unit D Key Terms

Unit D Key Terms. D54-Investigating Human Traits. Characteristic-observable feature of an organism. D54-Investigating Human Traits. Gene-units of information for inherited traits that are passed from parent to offspring. D54-Investigating Human Traits.

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Unit D Key Terms

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  1. Unit D Key Terms

  2. D54-Investigating Human Traits • Characteristic-observable feature of an organism

  3. D54-Investigating Human Traits • Gene-units of information for inherited traits that are passed from parent to offspring

  4. D54-Investigating Human Traits • Genetics-study of variation and heredity

  5. D54-Investigating Human Traits • Heredity-study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring

  6. D54-Investigating Human Traits • Inherited-something that is passed from parents to children

  7. D54-Investigating Human Traits • Trait-different versions of a characteristic

  8. D55-Plants Have Genes, Too! • Offspring-product of reproduction

  9. D57-Copycat • Asexual reproduction-reproduction in which an organism makes an exact copy of itself; results in two genetically identical offspring from ONE parent

  10. D57-Copycat • Clone-an offspring produced by asexual reproduction; a genetic copy of another organism

  11. D57-Copycat • Egg cell-female reproductive cell

  12. D57-Copycat • Fertilization-the union of sperm and egg

  13. D57-Copycat • Mutation-random change in a gene

  14. D57-Copycat • Sexual reproduction-reproduction in which the offspring inherits traits from TWO parents; results in genetically unique offspring

  15. D57-Copycat • Sperm cell-male reproductive cell

  16. D59-Gene Combo • Allele-version of a gene

  17. D59-Gene Combo • Dominant-a trait you observe if at least one allele for that trait is present

  18. D59-Gene Combo • Probability-the chance of an event occuring

  19. D59-Gene Combo • Random-occurring without a pattern

  20. D59-Gene Combo • Recessive-trait that is “hidden”

  21. D61-Gene Squares • Carrier-person who is heterozygous for a recessive trait (normally a genetic disease)

  22. D61-Gene Squares • Homozygous-an organism that has two of the same allele for a characteristic

  23. D61-Gene Squares • Heterozygous-an organism that has two different alleles for a characteristic

  24. D61-Gene Squares • Punnett square-a diagram you can use to show how likely each outcome of a breeding experiment is

  25. D63-Show Me The Genes! • Chromosome-threadlike structure made up of genes

  26. D63-Show Me The Genes! • Cell division-process in which cells divide to make more cells

  27. D63-Show Me The Genes! • DNA-deoxyribonucleic acid; molecule that contains the information carried by genes

  28. D64-Nature and Nuture • Nature vs. nuture-heredity vs. environment; traits someone is born with vs. traits someone acquires as a result of experiences

  29. D65-Breeding Critters—More Traits • Diversity-variety

  30. D66-Patterns in Pedigrees • Co-dominance-results in both traits being fully present in a heterozygous organism

  31. D66-Patterns in Pedigrees • Incomplete dominance-results in an intermediate appearance in a heterozygous organism

  32. D66-Patterns in Pedigrees • Pedigree-family history of traits used for genetic analysis

  33. D69-Evidence From DNA • DNA fingerprinting-using DNA to identify people

  34. D71-Should We? • Duties-something you are expected or required to do

  35. D71-Should We? • Goals-an aim or purpose

  36. D71-Should We? • Rights-something that is due to a person because of law, tradition, or nature

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