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Phylum Cnidaria

Phylum Cnidaria. Hydra, jellyfish, coral, & sea anemones. Phylum Cnidaria. Examples? Sea anemones Corals Sea Pen Sea Fan Sea Plume Hydra Jelly fish Portuguese Man o’ War Box Jelly Fish. I. Body Structure. A. Polymorphism = more than one body form 1. Polyp 2. Medusa.

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Phylum Cnidaria

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  1. Phylum Cnidaria Hydra, jellyfish, coral, & sea anemones

  2. Phylum Cnidaria Examples? • Sea anemones • Corals • Sea Pen • Sea Fan • Sea Plume • Hydra • Jelly fish • Portuguese Man o’ War • Box Jelly Fish

  3. I. Body Structure A. Polymorphism = more than one body form 1. Polyp 2. Medusa

  4. B. Polyp • Tube with tentacles around the mouth • Sessile Coral polyp

  5. Polyp (sea anemone)

  6. Mythical Hydra

  7. Polyp (Hydra)

  8. Perseus slays the Gorgon Medusa

  9. C. Medusa • Umbrella shape • Tentacles around mouth • Motile, Free-swimming

  10. D. Tentacles • Have nematocysts (stinging cells) • Coiled thread discharges like a harpoon • Contains neurotoxin • Paralyzes prey Discharged nematocyst

  11. Discharged nematocyst

  12. II. Level of Organization A. Tissue B. No organs

  13. III. Symmetry Radial Compass jellyfish

  14. IV. Habitat A. Aquatic 1. Most Marine 2. Few fresh-water

  15. V. Feeding A. Carnivores (predators) B. Process of feeding 1. Tentacles sting prey with nematocysts 2. Tentacles grab prey 3. Prey pulled into mouth Lion’s mane eats another jelly

  16. Process of feeding 4. Prey stuffed into gastro-vascular cavity (GVC)* 5. GVC makes enzymes, extra-cellular digestion 6. Undigested food back out mouth *incomplete digestive tract (no anus)

  17. Lion’s mane jellyfish eating

  18. VI. Respiration • Via diffusion • Body is two cell layers thick

  19. VII. Internal Transport Via diffusion

  20. VIII. Excretion • Via diffusion

  21. IX. Response • No cephalization or nervous system • Nerve net around mouth

  22. IX. Response C. Sensory cells 1. Chemoreceptors (chemicals) 2. Thigmoreceptors (touch) 3. Photoreceptors (light) Ocelli (eyespots) 4. Statocysts (balance)

  23. X. Locomotion • Medusa motile, free-swimming • Polyps sessile Exceptions: 1. Hydra tumbles on tentacles 2. Sea anemones glide on pedal disc

  24. XI. Reproduction 1. Asexual budding from polyps or medusae 2. Sexual a. Medusae release sperm & eggs b. Some monoecious, some dioecious c. Larvae free-swimming

  25. XII. Ecological Role • Predators and prey • Neurotoxins in medical research • Coral – jewelry, building, reefs (surfing!) • Coral reefs - habitat for many -great biodiversity - protect coastline E. Symbiosis with other organisms

  26. Class Anthozoa: Sea Anemones

  27. Sea Anemones (with sea urchins)

  28. Sea Anemones Clown fish with sea anemone

  29. Clown fish & eggs with sea anemone

  30. Clown fish with sea anemone

  31. Giant Sea Anemone

  32. Rosy Sea Anemone

  33. Class Anthozoa: Corals

  34. Brain Coral

  35. Coral

  36. Colt Coral

  37. Elkhorn Coral

  38. Cabbage Coral

  39. Flower Coral

  40. Feather Coral

  41. Gorgonian Fan Coral

  42. Lamellina Coral

  43. Sun Coral

  44. Subergorgia Coral

  45. Soft Coral

  46. Sea Pen

  47. Sea Fan

  48. Sea Plume

  49. Class Hydrozoa: Green Hydra

  50. Hydra

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