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Administering Medication. Administration of Medications. The safe and accurate administration of medication is one of the major responsibility of a nurse. The nurse should understand drug action, its side effects, and administer drugs safely .
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Administration of Medications • The safe and accurate administration of medication is one of the major responsibility of a nurse. The nurse should understand drug action, its side effects, and administer drugs safely . • A drug or medication is a substance used for diagnosis, treatment, cure or prevention of disease . • Every drug has got a chemical name or pharmacological name and trade name , or different trade names by different companies .
Routes of Administration • The route of a drug depends on its properties, desired effect, and the patients physical and mental condition.
Routes of Administration • Oral routes: a. Oral administration. b. Sublingual administration. • Parenteral routes: a. Subcutaneous. b. intradermal. c. Intramuscularly. d. intravenous. • Topical administration: in this , drugs are applied to the skin and mucous membrane . • Inhalation. • Rectal route- suppositories. • Vaginal route- suppositories.
Medication Order • The drug order, written by the physician, it has 7 essential parts for administration of drugs safely. the nurse should know how to read a drug order. • It should have the following components: 1- Patients full name. 2- Date. 3- Drug name. 4- Dosage. 5- Route of administration. 6- Time and frequency of administration. 7- Signature of physician.
five Rights of Medication Administration • Right drug. • Right dose. • Right patient. • Right route. • Right time.
Right Drug • When the drug are first ordered , the nurse compare the prepared medication card with the physician written orders. • When administering drug , the nurse should compare the label of the drug three times . • The nurse should never prepare medication from unlabelled containers. • Do not accept verbal orders. • Be sure about the changing of orders.
Right Dose • Carefully read physicians order. • Check age and weight of the patient. • Calculate the dose correctly. • Do not spill medication.
Right Patient • Medication should be given to the right patient after identifying him . • Call the patient by his name .
Right Route • Orally. • Rectally. • Vaginally. • Intravenous( I.V) • Intramuscular ( I.M) • Intradermal ( I.D) • Sublingual ( S.L) • Subcutaneous (SC) • Application. • Inhalation.
THE ROLE OF THE NURSE IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES • Provide the drug. • Make sure there is enough stock of the drugs in the drug cabin. • Check the expiry dates of the drugs. • Supply with the dangerous drugs. • Drug storage . • Drug preparation . • Has to know the units and subunits of drugs.
Contraindications for Oral Drug Administration • In case of nausea and vomiting. • Unconscious patient. • In case of orally surgery. • When the drugs are destroyed in the stomach by the action of digestive juice. e.g insulin, adrenalin .
Common Abbreviations Used in Drug Administration • AM morning • PM afternoon • OD daily • Qh every hour • BID twice a day • PRN when required • Stat at once • TID three times daily • Comp compound • FL fluid • Liq liquid • Syr syrup • Tap tablets • Cap capsule
NURSING ROLE WHEN DEALING WITH DRUGS • RIGHT DRUG: make sure that you are giving the right drug which is prescribed by the doctor by double checking from the pts file. • RIGHT DOSE: make sure that you are giving the right dose by making correct calculation for the dose prescribed by the doctor. • RIGHT PATIENT: make sure of patients name by asking him about his name and compare it to the name on medication sheet. • RIGHT ROUT: make sure you will give the drug in the right way , rout of administering drugs .
NURSING ROLE TOWARD THE PATIENT WHEN GIVING THE DRUG • Make sure that patient took the medication . • Watch for drug side effects. • Make sure that nurse has no infectious diseases. • Pharmaceutical education to himself.
THE ROLE OF THE NURSE TOWARD HIMSELF WHEN DEALING WITH MEDICATION • Use the protective measurements when preparing some dangerous drugs. • Take care when giving injections. • Follow the safety measures when dealing with patients with infectious diseases.
