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English American Colonies

English American Colonies. Section 2. England’s Early Exploration. John Cabot- sailed to America for England Arrived in Canada (Nova Scotia) Never returned from 2 nd voyage England doesn’t hunt for colonies (no money, Spain has claim, no gold). The Reformation.

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English American Colonies

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  1. English American Colonies Section 2

  2. England’s Early Exploration • John Cabot- sailed to America for England • Arrived in Canada (Nova Scotia) • Never returned from 2nd voyage • England doesn’t hunt for colonies (no money, Spain has claim, no gold)

  3. The Reformation • 1517- Martin Luther accuses Catholic church of corruption • Protestant Reformation begins • Ideas of Luther lengthened by John Calvin • Believed that churches should decide their individual leaders, not the pope or king

  4. The English Reformation • Henry VIII is king of England • Wants a male heir • Wife- Catherine of Aragon has a daughter • Catherine is the king of Spain’s aunt • Henry wants a divorce • The Pope, as leader of the church, will not grant it (didn’t want to trouble Spain)

  5. The English Reformation • Henry starts the Church of England (Anglican) • The Anglican Church kept all of the organization and rituals of the Catholic Church • Some Anglicans began to want to Purify the Catholic influences • Called Puritans

  6. Economic Changes in England • 1500- lords own land and rent to tenant farmers • Early 1500s, there is a huge demand for English wool • Lords fence in land and start sheep farms • Called enclosure movement • Many tenants evicted • By 1550, wool prices fall • Joint-stock companies formed to find new market • Joint-stock company- individuals pool $- share in profit & loss

  7. Roanoke • England supports privateers to raid Spanish shipping • Need a base to function in America • Walter Raleigh founds a colony to be a base • Colony called Roanoke • Governor of colony goes back to England to get supplies • Delayed 3 years • When he returns, colony is abandoned

  8. Jamestown - Early Trouble • Jamestown founded by Virginia Company • Most colonists did not know how to hunt, farm, or fish • Upper-class colonists decline to work • A tough leader emerged- John Smith • Traded with home Native Americans for food

  9. Tobacco Saves Jamestown • First couple years were tough and unproductive • New crop made Jamestown profitable- tobacco • Tobacco was John Rolfe’s scheme

  10. The House of Burgesses • To draw settlers, colonists are allowed to elect local officials • New reprehensive body called House of Burgesses • First legislature in the colonies

  11. Headright System • Promised 50 acres to anyone who paid for voyage to Jamestown • Also, an additional 50 acres for every person that came with you, over 15 year old • Caused families to immigrate

  12. A Royal Colony • Great immigration to Jamestown results in a Native American assault • King is tired of unrest • Makes Virginia a royal colony • Royal colony- overseen by governor who was appointed by the king

  13. Founding Maryland • Founded by George Calvert, Lord Baltimore • Baltimore is Catholic- but sociable to King James • Needs a secure place for Catholics • Colony named Maryland • The majority of settlers were Protestants

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