severe anterograde amnesia temporally graded retrograde amnesia

2. Long-term Memory • severe anterograde amnesia • temporally graded retrograde amnesia

3. Long-term Memory • there are multiple memory systems in the brain. • explicit (declarative) and implicit (non-declarative) memory can be doubly dissociated • can anyone see a problem with using human subjects?

7. Long-term Memory • What’s the one thing that all of the studies we’ve spoken about have in common? Lesions!

8. Long-term Memory • What about normal memory? • That is, memory in the “normal” brain

9. Long-term Memory The theory is that the MTL is temporally involved in declarative memory in normal humans…

11. Long-term Memory

12. Long-term Memory

13. Long-term Memory • functional imaging data from “normal” subjects confirms lesion studies • be skeptical!

14. Long-term Memory • What would it be like to possess the ability to remember everything?

15. Long-term Memory • Case study of S. (Solomon Shereshevskii) • Russian journalist • never took any notes, recalled everything verbatim • thought this was “normal”

16. Long-term Memory • Alexander Luria - Soviet neuropsychologist

17. Long-term Memory • Shereshevskii suffered from synaesthesia • stimulation of one sense leads to automatic stimulation of another • hearing a sound produces a visual experience • “I can see the music…”

18. Long-term Memory • random number table

19. Long-term Memory 1 this is a proud, well-built man 2 is a high-spirited woman 3 is a gloomy person 6 is a man with a swollen foot 7 is a man with a moustache 8 is a very stout woman - a sack within a sack. “As for the number 87, what I see is a fat woman and a man twirling his moustache”

20. Long-term Memory • memory consists of associative networks • perhaps mnemonists can create better networks To Kill A Mockingbird

21. Long-term Memory • memory consists of associative networks • perhaps mnemonists can create better networks highschool Mr. Lacey To Kill A Mockingbird English

22. Long-term Memory • memory consists of associative networks • perhaps mnemonists can create better networks skiing highschool mockingbird Mr. Lacey To Kill A Mockingbird canary bird English racism chicken Martin Luther King

23. Long-term Memory • What do you think the brain of someone that has this “super memory” would look like?

24. Long-term Memory • What if I told you it looked like this? Kim Peek

25. Long-term Memory • macroencephaly • no corpus callosum • no anterior/posterior commisure • degenerated cerebellum

26. Long-term Memory • Autism • Motor disturbances • Overall I.Q. of 87 • despite this, he displays some amazing abilities…

27. Long-term Memory

28. Long-term Memory

29. Long-term Memory • 98% retention rate for reading material • reads on average 8 books a day (has approximately 9000 memorized!) • one page every 8-10 seconds • also has incredible memory for music, often remembering compositions only experienced once

30. Long-term Memory What could support this ability? “Does brain damage stimulate compensatory development in some other area of the brain, or does it simply allow otherwise latent abilities to emerge?”

31. Long-term Memory