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Traditions and Local Rights over Genetic resources in the context of

Traditions and Local Rights over Genetic resources in the context of Community Biodiversity Management. Malayali. E.D.Israel Oliver King and Saujanendra Swain M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation. Context. Role of Communities in conserving Plant genetic resources

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Traditions and Local Rights over Genetic resources in the context of

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  1. Traditions and Local Rights over Genetic resources in the context of Community Biodiversity Management Malayali E.D.Israel Oliver King and Saujanendra Swain M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation

  2. Context • Role of Communities in conserving Plant genetic resources • Customary practices and local rights of Farmers • Drivers of change and its effect over PGR • Dynamic Community Biodiversity Management and process of Empowerment

  3. KolliHills Tribal Settlement Malayali Tribe Terraced Fields Hut Paddy field

  4. Folk lore, Folk Songs and Life of the Tribal Communities Kummipadal Parambupadal Odukkai padal Attukattupadal Kuravan Kurathi padal Servai padal Thirumanapadal Andikolam padal Komalipadal

  5. Sacred Forests Goddesses Worship Kongayi, Pidari, Ettukkai,Kannimar, Rathathamman, Kollippavai Sanskritzed Traditions Perumansolai and Masiperiasamisolai Ancestral Worship Ayyanappattan, Panguliappattan

  6. Traditional Farming Mixed Farming Upland Paddy Threshing Yard Stall Feeding Back yard poultry

  7. Customary Practices Community Seed Bank Quality Seed Selection Manual Dehusking Seed Exchange

  8. Interaspecific Millet Diversity in Kolli Hills • Little millet (Samai) Panicum sumatrance • Italian millet (Thinai) Setaria italica • Common millet (Panivaragu) Panicum miliaceum • Kodo millet (Varagu) Paspalum scrobiculatum

  9. Plant Genetic Resources • Secondary centre of Origin of Rice (1750 landraces) • (24 aromatic, 27 flood resistant, 2 deep water and 10 drought resistant and some others are insect/ pest resistant, puffing quality, etc.) • 8 species of minor millets, • 9 species of pulses, • 5 species of oil seeds, • 3 species of fibrous plants, • 7 species of vegetables

  10. Some valuable rice landraces preserved by tribal farmers for religious function

  11. Factors responsible for Erosion of crops and Dwindling Customary Practices

  12. Shift from Subsistence Economy to Cash Economy

  13. In the Changing Socio cultural Context Will communities sustain with their Customary management practices of Biodiversity ?

  14. Integrated Approaches in CBM – Formal • Grass root institution building • Seed multiplication & distribution • Technology appraisal • Skill enhancement • Processing & Value Addition • Marketing Linkage • System management • Role Change Participatory Research

  15. Conservation Seed Distribution Seed Storage – Thombai Seed Multiplication Seed exchange Cultivation

  16. Cultivation Participatory Plant Improvement to achieve higher productivity Traditional method of cultivation Modified method of Cultivation Between Row spacing 20 cm Between Plant spacing 10 cm

  17. Drudgery Reduction and Consumption Drudgery in Pounding

  18. LITTLE MILLET FINGER MILLET ITALAN MILLET Mapy; Nkhl;lh; ney; miuf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk; fy; ePf;fp ,ae;jpuk; ckp ePf;fp ,ae;jpuk; khT ,ae;jpuk; rpWjhdpak; muit ,ae;jpuk;

  19. Traditional Recipes of Millet Foods Value addition Training

  20. Capacity Building on Processing Millets

  21. VALUE ADDED RECIPES OF SAMAI (Little Millet) & THINAI (Italian Millet) Samai Rice Thinai Rice Samai Uppuma Thinai Uppuma Samai Poorna Kozhukkatai Samai Kara Kozhukkatai Thinai Poorna Kozhukkatai Thinai Kara Kozhukkatai Samai Sweet Puttu Thinai Sweet Puttu Samai Sweet Pongal Thinai Sweet Pongal Samai Sweet Idiappam Samai Thinai Kara Idiappam Thinai Sweet Idiappam Samai Thinai Sweet Paniyaram Samai Kara Paniyaram Thinai Kara Paniyaram Samai Payasam Thinai Payasam Samai Idli Thinai Idli Samai Dosai Thinai Dosai Samai Wheat Flour Dosai Thinai Wheat Flour Dosai Samai Kara Pongal Thinai Kara Pongal Samai Thinai Keera Roti Samai Bonda Samai Pakoda Thinai Bonda Thinai Pakoda Samai Thinai Ribbon Pakoda Samai Thinai Omapodi Samai Thinai Adai Samai Thinai Vadai Samai Thinai Murukku Thinai Adhirasam Samai Thinai Kachayam (Photograph: Dr. E. D. Israel Oliver King)

  22. Folk Theatre Road Show Exhibitions Campaign for Conservation and Promotion of millets

  23. City Market Chennai (2) Coimbatore (3) Madurai (1) Local Market Kolli Hills (2) Ooty (1) Trichy (1) Peri Urban Market Namakkal (5) Tiruvannamalai (2) Tanjavur (1) Niche Market Linkages

  24. Infrastructure Development of Millet Processing Mills Sale Deed Dhan Settlement

  25. Legal Processes of Empowerment • MOU with the Block development Office • Partnership deed for Nanbargal SHG • Tax Payer’s Identification Number certificate (TIN) • Sales Tax Certificate (CTC) • Small scale industry certificate (SSI) TIN Cert Partnership Deed Sales Tax Cert SSIC Cert Sales Deed

  26. KHABCOFED (Kolli Hills Agro biodiversity Conservers federation) in the Empowerment process • Tribal Farmer collectives • Access to information • Access to Credits • Increased mobility • Public participation • Governorship over common property resources • Collective Decision Making processes • Awareness about the PGR and policy related issues

  27. Kalajeera(An aromatic Rice for Promotion) • Formation of Kalinga Kalajeera Rice Growers Cooperative Society (KKRGCS) • 500 acres , involving more than 700 farm families • Procurement by NAFED • One & half times more price than other rice • GI trial of Kalajeera in 5district

  28. Community Recognition & Reward Genome Savior Award PPV&FR Authority, Govt. of India, 2006 Krishi Bisharad Sanman ICAR, New Delhi, 2002 Equator Initiative Award UNDP, Johansburg, 2002 Felicitation by Hon’ble Chief Minister of Orissa, 2004

  29. Thank You

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