Cause and Effect

1. Cause and Effect R 2.3 Analyze text that uses cause-and-effect organizational patterns Mrs. Lutz

2. Today we will … we learn how to identify cause and effect relationships Learning Objective CFU

3. What would happen if you got in a fight at lunch? (PS) Already know how to look for: Theme Author’s Purpose Characterization We read carefully looking for clues to help us identify these aspects Activate Prior Knowledge

4. Definition: Cause and Effect A cause is the reason something happens. Aneffectis the thing that happens as a result of the cause. Concept Development

5. Example: Since I babysat last summer I was able to buy a new bicycle. Bought a new bike is the Effect Babysat over the summer is the Cause

6. Non-Example: I am going to buy a hamburger at lunch. This is a statement….it could be implied that I’m hungry BUT not necessarily.

7. We naturally want to know how events are related …to explain why something happens. EX. What vaccine will prevent an illness?….Why did the two cars crash? B. On DBA C. On CST Importance

8. Look for key words Development #1 • Hence • So • In order • Produced • Thus • As a result of • Consequently • Led to • Due to • Was responsible for Concept Development

9. The most important linking word in cause effect relationships is because. If possible try to replace the cause/effect relationship word with because. If it doesn’t change the meaning of the sentence then you probably have the correct answer for the cause. study zone

10. Ex. John didn’t study for his ELA test which he knew he had to pass. He wasn’t surprised when he failed. • John failed his test because he didn’t study. • Cause he didn’t study Effect he didn’t pass the test Skill Development

11. Which part is the cause? The effect? Guided practe

12. People long ago used weapons because they needed to find    food.  ____________________ The bold part is showing us___? Guided practice

13. Concept Development: #2 Cause/effect paragraphs generally follow basic paragraph format. That is, they begin with a topic sentence and this sentence is followed by specific supporting details. Skill Development

14.   In recent decades, cities have grown so large that now about 50% of the Earth's population lives in urban areas. There are several reasons for this occurrence. First, the increasing industrialization of the nineteenth century resulted in the creation of many factory jobs, which tended to be located in cities. These jobs, with their promise of a better material life, attracted many people from rural areas. Second, there were many schools established to educate the children of the new factory laborers. The promise of a better education persuaded many families to leave farming communities and move to the cities. Finally, as the cities grew, people established places of leisure, entertainment, and culture, such as sports stadiums, theaters, and museums. For many people, these facilities made city life appear more interesting than life on the farm, and therefore drew them away from rural communities. Skill Development #2 Guided Practice

15. EFFECT(Topic Sentence) • CAUSES(Supporting Sentences) • Cities have grown very large.[There are several reasons for this.] •    Factory jobs attracted people. • (Cities have grown very large.) •    Better schools attracted families to move    to the city. • (Cities have grown very large.) •    Places of leisure, entertainment, and culture    made city life appear more interesting. Guided Practice

16. Cause and effect • Connector quiz….words • http://www.smccd.net/accounts/sevas/esl/gramcheck/8-7.html • http://lrs.ed.uiuc.edu/students/fwalters/cause.html Independent Practice

17. Concept: Cause and Effect shows us what? Why something happens How can we find cause/effect relationships? Look for key words like So, Due to, Because etc… Analyze paragraph structure. Importance of knowing Cause/Effect? • Helps us understand events • Need to know for CST Closure

18. Anything Else?