Towards a Governance Framework for Planning Terry Rolfe

1. Towards a Governance Framework for PlanningTerry Rolfe International Workshop for CHANGE Climate and Hydrology Academic Network for Governance and the Environment Mexico City March 5-6, 2009

2. OUTLINE • VARYING INTERPRETATIONS OF GOVERNANCE • PRACTICAL IMAGERY: A ROADMAP • EXPLORE OBJECTIVES • COORDINATE PROGRESS • SEEK OUT CONVERGENCE • SESSION FOCUS: “IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE AND LAND USE CHANGE FOR DROUGHT AND WATER AVAILABILITY” FOR EACH / FOR BILATERAL TREATIES • NOTES ON GOVERNANCE AND A ROAD MAP; SAMPLE INTERNATIONAL FRAMING; SIMPLE PLANNING MATRIX – ALL JUST FRAMEWORK EXAMPLES

3. WHAT IS “GOVERNANCE”? • “GOVERNANCE” HAS DIFFERING USAGE AND BAGGAGE • “GOVERNANCE” FROM GREEK (KUBERNÁO), MEANS “TO STEER”. • MODERN USAGE OF GOVERNANCE TO BROAD DECISION-MAKING… “TO DECISIONS THAT DEFINE EXPECTATIONS, GRANT POWER OR VERIFY PERFORMANCE” (WIKIPEDIA) • GOVERNANCE - A MULTI-STAGED, MULTI-TIERED SYSTEM • DEMOCRATIC IDEAL: GOVERNANCE WITH “BROADER PARTICIPATION FOR PROCESSES THROUGH WHICH SOCIETIES MAKE DECISIONS” (WATERLOO) • GOVERNANCE FOR BUSINESS OR NON-PROFIT USE: • ASSUMES EMBEDDED GOALS SUCH AS SECURITY, PRIVACY, • INTEGRITY; ALL ASSESSED FOR EFFECTIVENESS, CONSISTENCY, COHESION (PROFESSIONAL ETHICS)

4. OPERATIONALIZING GOVERNANCE VIA PLANNING AND ENGAGEMENT • IF USING THE MODERN SOCIETAL NOTION OF GOVERNANCE • SHOULD WE PLAY AN EXPERT ROLE TO ENGAGE • RATHER THAN “STEER”? • ENGAGE IN THE FULL PROCESS VIA A ROADMAP: • WITH GOALS OR SEQUENCES OF GOALS, • MANY ROUTES CONVERGING FROM DIFFERENT PATHS, • NOT ALL TRAVEL FEASIBLE AT ALL TIMES. • AT ITS BEST: MARKED WITH CLEAR SIGNPOSTS, WARNINGS AND OPTIONS AT THE JUNCTIONS, WITH PROGRESS AND DATA UPDATED ENROUTE • A ROADMAP OFFERS DECISION-MAKERS FLEXIBILITY, • ENSURES SCIENCE A DYNAMIC,ONGOING ROLE. • WE BECOME PART OF AN OPERATIONAL PROBLEM-SOLVING SYSTEM: • ISN’T THAT WHAT GOVERNANCE IS ABOUT?

5. Governance through a Roadmap • Destinations(goals): list goals at various levels (first two easiest to administer): • - international regimes and national commitments (based on legislative jurisdiction) • - national w/ component part groupings & emphases (based on need & negotiation) • - given knowledge of the above: bi-lateral and continental frameworks w/ meshed approach: coordination, cooperation, competition • Goals By distance (planning horizon) • 1. Emergency: i.e. current or impending drought or fires • 2. Short- to Medium Term, i.e. adequate water supplies for human use • and environment • 3. Long-term sustainability for full water cycle (incl. adjusted land and • water use for sufficient reserves (aquifers) & environmental integrity • Goals by routes (options judged by criteria, i.e. most effective, easiest, or least costly) • Existing and popular routes (w/ institutional momentum) • Prospective routes achievable through 1) coordination (via existing means/corridors) or cooperation (development of new routes or capacity w/ standards/safety enforced)

6. Using a Roadmap Schematic Junctions (decision-making points): Where “best” existing or prospective routes meet Where new information is available to re-assess progress, recast ETA, engage participants. Where revised plan: new destination, route, speed, objective…? Warnings (trigger signposts): Precautionary information, i.e. difficult road ahead or resource constraints i.e. no gas stations) Assess adequacy of resources (support/funding, network opportunities) Reminders to keep issues “on radar”: Dry conditions ahead; Watch out for Wildlife Triggers to give specific levels to trigger response. If below ½ tank gas, proceed on alternate route; if aquifer recharge below x %, impose water rationing, etc.

7. International, multi-level governance • “Timing is everything” • To build a network, secure funding and exposure, and • To consider existing networks, programs, priorities, events: • International Regimes, intergovernmental bodies, often w/ specific programs, events. • World Health Organization (WHO)United Nations - UN-Water, chaired by the FAO arm of the UN • UN-Water Decade Programme on Capacity Development (UNW-DPC) • United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) • United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) • - includes Division for Sustainable Development • United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) United Nations Development Programme – Mexico has UNDP country office Note: UNDP Environment & Energy: Water Governance Initiative With assistance to Member countries (i.e. Mexico) on: Local Management of Water Resources, Water Supply and Sanitation; Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM); Addressing Global and Regional Water Challenges; Water and Climate Change: Gender Mainstreaming; and Capacity Development for Effective Water Governance • United Nations (UNESCO) – water “family”: International Hydrological Programme (IHP) Scientific Co-operative UNESCO Institute for Water Education World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP) UNESCO-affiliated Water Centres Water Chairs

8. International Governance, cont: International Events. Participation includes: delegates, NGOs, Researchers, The Press, Businesses COP 15 Climate Change Conference, December 2009 Copenhagen World Water Day March 22, UNESCO coordination World Water Week August 16 -19, Stockholm 2009 • Legal Structure, Agreements, Conventions: i.e. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) • International Scientific Panels and Networks: IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) World Meteorological Organization (WMO) • Partnerships: International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage (ICID) International Association of Hydrogeologist (IAH) International Water Management Institute (IWMI)International Water Association (IWA) Ramsar (Convention on Wetlands) Global Water Partnership The World Conservation Union (IUCN) International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) World Water Council Stockholm International Water Institute Water Supply & Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC) World Business Council for Sustainable Development AquaFed – International Federation of Private Water Operators UN Secretary General’s Advisory Board on Water & Sanitation World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)

9. THANK YOU! BREAKOUT SESSION FOCUS: IMPLICATIONS OF CLIMATE AND LAND USE CHANGE FOR DROUGHT AND WATER AVAILABILITY FOR MEXICO, THE US AND CANADA, AND FOR OUR BILATERAL TREATIES COMMENTS, FEEDBACK… to tsrolfe@aol.com