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Structure of the Respiratory System

Structure of the Respiratory System. Alveoli and Lung Volume. Alveoli. Tiny air sacs in the lungs Where gas is exchanged Bunches at the end of bronchioles Maximize surface area for gas exchange. How do Alveoli Work?. Capillaries cover surface of alveoli Oxygen from lungs to blood

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Structure of the Respiratory System

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  1. Structure of the Respiratory System Alveoli and Lung Volume

  2. Alveoli • Tiny air sacs in the lungs • Where gas is exchanged • Bunches at the end of bronchioles • Maximize surface area for gas exchange

  3. How do Alveoli Work? • Capillaries cover surface of alveoli • Oxygen from lungs to blood • Carbon dioxide from blood to lungs

  4. Surfactant • Lines inside of alveoli • Reduces surface tension of water (like soap) • Allows easier gas exchange • Keeps lungs from collapsing

  5. Lung Capacity • Compliance – ability of a lung to expand • Low compliance makes breathing difficult • Ex: emphysema

  6. Lung Capacity • Tidal volume – actual amount of air moved into or out of the lungs in one cycle • One cycle = inhalation and exhalation • Vital capacity – maximum amount of air that could be moved during one cycle • Residual volume – air remaining in lungs after exhalation

  7. Lung Capacity • Inflation reflex – prevents lungs from overexpansion • Only occurs during forced breathing • Deflation reflex – prevents lungs from collapsing during exhalation

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