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7. Reference Books

8. MARKS OF THE CHURCH FOUNDED BY CHRIST One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church

9. The Church Founded by Christ is Meant to be ONE • One in beliefs • One in authority • One in worship

10. “In order that the whole assembly of the faithful may remain in unity of faith and communion, he placed St. Peter over the other apostles and instituted in him both a perpetual principle of unity and a visible foundation...” (Vatican I)

11. John 17:20-23 (Oneness) • 20 “I pray not only for them, but also for those who will believe in me through their word, • 21 so that they may all be one, as you, Father, are in me and I in you, that they also may be in us, that the world may believe that you sent me. • 22 And I have given them the glory you gave me, so that they may be one, as we are one, • 23 I in them and you in me, that they may be brought to perfection as one, that the world may know that you sent me, and that you loved them even as you loved me. • Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. Board of Trustees, Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops, & United States Catholic Conference. Administrative Board. (1996, c1986). The New American Bible : Translated from the original languages with critical use of all the ancient sources and the revised New Testament (Jn 17:20). Confraternity of Christian Doctrine.

12. Ephesians 4:1-6 (Oneness) • 1 I, then, a prisoner for the Lord, urge you to live in a manner worthy of the call you have received, • 2 with all humility and gentleness, with patience, bearing with one another through love, • 3 striving to preserve the unity of the spirit through the bond of peace: • 4 one body and one Spirit, as you were also called to the one hope of your call; • 5 one Lord, one faith, one baptism; • 6 one God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all. • Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. Board of Trustees, Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops, & United States Catholic Conference. Administrative Board. (1996, c1986). The New American Bible : Translated from the original languages with critical use of all the ancient sources and the revised New Testament (Eph 4:1). Confraternity of Christian Doctrine.

13. Matthew 12:25 (Oneness) 25 But he knew what they were thinking and said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself will be laid waste, and no town or house divided against itself will stand. • Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. Board of Trustees, Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops, & United States Catholic Conference. Administrative Board. (1996, c1986). The New American Bible : Translated from the original languages with critical use of all the ancient sources and the revised New Testament (Mt 12:25). Confraternity of Christian Doctrine.

14. John 10:16 (Oneness) 16 I have other sheep that do not belong to this fold. These also I must lead, and they will hear my voice, and there will be one flock, one shepherd. • Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. Board of Trustees, Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops, & United States Catholic Conference. Administrative Board. (1996, c1986). The New American Bible : Translated from the original languages with critical use of all the ancient sources and the revised New Testament (Jn 10:16). Confraternity of Christian Doctrine.

15. Ruptures in the Unity of the Church • Heresy • Apostasy • Schism

16. CCC 2089 2089 … "Heresy is the obstinate post-baptismal denial of some truth which must be believed with divine and catholic faith, or it is likewise an obstinate doubt concerning the same; apostasy is the total repudiation of the Christian faith; schism is the refusal of submission to the Roman Pontiff or of communion with the members of the Church subject to him."

17. The true meaning of “Ecumenism” is reconciliation in Truth and Love

18. “All indeed profess to be followers of the Lord but differ in mind and go their different ways, as if Christ Himself were divided. Such division openly contradicts the will of Christ, scandalizes the world, and damages the holy cause of preaching the Gospel to every creature.”

19. “It is, of course, essential that the doctrine should be clearly presented in its entirety. Nothing is so foreign to the spirit of ecumenism as a false irenicism, in which the purity of Catholic doctrine suffers loss and its genuine and certain meaning is clouded.”

20. “Ecumenical action must be fully and sincerely Catholic, that is to say, faithful to the truth which we have received from the apostles and Fathers of the church, in harmony with the faith which the Catholic Church has always professed, and at the same time directed toward that fullness to which Our Lord wills His Body to grow in the course of time.”(Decree of Ecumenism, Vatican II)

21. HOLY The Church founded by Christ is HOLY, i.e. fully united with God in that its founderis Jesus himself who is holy, its doctrines are pure and its mission is to make us holy.

22. CATHOLIC The Church founded by Christ is CATHOLIC, i.e. universal. It is for all the people in the world, in all places and at all times.

23. Matthew 28:19 (CATHOLIC) 19 Go, therefore, and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the holy Spirit, • Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. Board of Trustees, Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops, & United States Catholic Conference. Administrative Board. (1996, c1986). The New American Bible : Translated from the original languages with critical use of all the ancient sources and the revised New Testament (Mt 28:19). Confraternity of Christian Doctrine.

24. St. Ignatius of Antioch was the first one to name the Church founded by Christ, “Catholic.”

25. APOSTOLIC The Church founded by Christ is APOSTOLIC in origin, teachings and authority

26. Apostolic in ORIGIN (founded on the apostles)

27. Ephesians 2:19-20 (APOSTOLIC) • 19 So then you are no longer strangers and sojourners, but you are fellow citizens with the holy ones and members of the household of God, • 20 built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, with Christ Jesus himself as the capstone. • Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. Board of Trustees, Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops, & United States Catholic Conference. Administrative Board. (1996, c1986). The New American Bible : Translated from the original languages with critical use of all the ancient sources and the revised New Testament (Eph 2:19). Confraternity of Christian Doctrine.

28. Apostolic in its TEACHINGS Its teachings are from the apostles and continues to be taught and guided by the apostles through their successors in union with Peter and his successor

29. The church never changed nor departed from these teachings. It simply helps us to develop a better understanding of them.

30. Apostolic in AUTHORITY The authority given by Christ to the apostles

31. Luke 10:16 (APOSTOLIC) 16 Whoever listens to you listens to me. Whoever rejects you rejects me. And whoever rejects me rejects the one who sent me.” • Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. Board of Trustees, Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops, & United States Catholic Conference. Administrative Board. (1996, c1986). The New American Bible : Translated from the original languages with critical use of all the ancient sources and the revised New Testament (Lk 10:16). Confraternity of Christian Doctrine.

32. Matthew 18:17 (APOSTOLIC) 17 If he refuses to listen to them, tell the church. If he refuses to listen even to the church, then treat him as you would a Gentile or a tax collector. • Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. Board of Trustees, Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops, & United States Catholic Conference. Administrative Board. (1996, c1986). The New American Bible : Translated from the original languages with critical use of all the ancient sources and the revised New Testament (Mt 18:17). Confraternity of Christian Doctrine.

33. THE CATHOLIC CHURCH ALONE HAS ALL THE MARKS OF THE CHURCH CHRIST FOUNDED.

34. WHO BELONGS TO THE CHURCH?

35. Those who accept the Church in its entirety are fully incorporated into the Church.

36. CCC 837 837 "Fully incorporated into the society of the Church are those who, possessing the Spirit of Christ, accept all the means of salvation given to the Church together with her entire organization,  and who - by the bonds constituted by the profession of faith, the sacraments, ecclesiastical government, and communion – are joined in the visible structure of the Church of Christ, who rules her through the Supreme Pontiff and the bishops. Even though incorporated into the Church, one who does not however persevere in charity is not saved. He remains indeed in the bosom of the Church, but 'in body' not 'in heart.'"

37. Our beloved non-Catholic Christians although they are in an “imperfect communion” with the Church.

38. CCC 838 838 "The Church knows that she is joined in many ways to the baptized who are honored by the name of Christian, but do not profess the Catholic faith in its entirety or have not preserved unity  or communion under the successor of Peter." Those "who believe in Christ and have been properly baptized are put in a certain, although imperfect, communion with the Catholic Church.“ With the Orthodox Churches, this communion is so profound "that it lacks little to attain the fullness that would permit a common celebration of the Lord's Eucharist."

39. Those who have not yet received the Gospel are related to the People of God in various ways.

40. CCC 839 839 … To the Jews "belong the sonship, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the worship, and the promises; to them belong the patriarchs, and of their race, according to the flesh, is the Christ"; "for the gifts and the call of God are irrevocable."

41. CCC 841 841The Church's relationship with the Muslims. "The plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator, in the first place amongst whom are the Muslims; these profess to hold the faith of Abraham, and together with us they adore the one, merciful God, mankind's judge on the last day."

42. CCC 843 843 The Catholic Church recognizes in other religions that search, among shadows and images, for the God who is unknown yet near since he gives life and breath and all things and wants all men to  be saved. Thus, the Church considers all goodness and truth found in  these religions as "a preparation for the Gospel and given by him who enlightens all men that they may at length have life."

43. IS THERE SALVATION OUTSIDE THE CATHOLIC CHURCH?

44. “Outside the Church there is no Salvation” Salvation comes from Christ alone

45. CCC 846 846 How are we to understand this affirmation, often repeated by the Church Fathers?335 Re-formulated positively, it means that all salvation comes from Christ the Head through the Church which is his Body: • Basing itself on Scripture and Tradition, the Council teaches that the Church, a pilgrim now on earth, is necessary for salvation: the one Christ is the mediator and the way of salvation; he is present to us in his body which is the Church. He himself explicitly asserted the necessity of faith and Baptism, and thereby affirmed at the same time the necessity of the Church which men enter through Baptism as through a door. Hence they could not be saved who, knowing that the Catholic Church was founded as necessary by God through Christ, would refuse either to enter it or to remain in it.

46. No excuse if one knows but refuses to enter the Church.

47. John 15:22 22 If I had not come and spoken to them, they would have no sin; but as it is they have no excuse for their sin. • Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. Board of Trustees, Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops, & United States Catholic Conference. Administrative Board. (1996, c1986). The New American Bible : Translated from the original languages with critical use of all the ancient sources and the revised New Testament (Jn 15:22). Confraternity of Christian Doctrine.

48. Those who, without fault, do not know Christ and His Church can also have salvation provided they have an “implicit will to be Catholic” or a “Baptism of Desire.”

49. CCC 847 847 This affirmation is not aimed at those who, through no fault of their own, do not know Christ and his Church: Those who, through no fault of their own, do not know the Gospel of Christ or his Church, but who nevertheless seek God with a sincere heart, and, moved by grace, try in their actions to do his will as they know it through the dictates of their conscience - those too may achieve eternal salvation.

50. CCC 1260 1260 "Since Christ died for all, and since all men are in fact called to one and the same destiny, which is divine, we must hold that the Holy Spirit offers to all the possibility of being made partakers, in a way known to God, of the Paschal mystery."63 Every man who is  ignorant of the Gospel of Christ and of his Church, but seeks the truth and does the will of God in accordance with his understanding of it, can be saved. It may be supposed that such persons would have desired Baptism explicitly if they had known its necessity.