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Information Systems (IS)

Information Systems (IS). Rev: Feb, 2012 Euiho (David) Suh , Ph.D. POSTECH Strategic Management of Information and Technology Laboratory (POSMIT: http://posmit.postech.ac.kr) Dept. of Industrial & Management Engineering POSTECH. Contents. Discussion Questions (1/2).

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Information Systems (IS)

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  1. Information Systems (IS) • Rev: Feb, 2012 • Euiho (David) Suh, Ph.D. • POSTECH Strategic Management of Information and Technology Laboratory • (POSMIT: http://posmit.postech.ac.kr) • Dept. of Industrial & Management EngineeringPOSTECH

  2. Contents

  3. Discussion Questions (1/2) Explain the difference between data and information. In a larger extent, what is the difference among data, information, decision aids, and knowledge ? (Refer to No. 6 PPT) Refer to THREE key attributes of information. Are the attributes of information mutually independent ? What is the least important component of IS among 6 components? What is the ultimate purpose of information systems ? DSS more focuses on solving (structured, semi-structured, unstructured) problem than (structured, semi-structured, unstructured). Justify your answer. Take an example of a semi-structured model and suggest how to solve it using an IS. By using IS, what were benefits E-mart gained?

  4. Discussion Questions (2/2) • Case 1 in textbook (pp. 5~6, Chapter 1) • How do information technologies contribute to the business success of the companies depicted in the case? • Provide an example from each company, explaining how the technology implemented led to improved performance • The Bryan Cave law firm used BI technology to improve the availability, access, and presentation of existing information; this allowed them to provide tailored, innovative services to customers • What other professions could benefit from a similar use of these technologies, and how? • Discussion questions in textbook (p. 39, Chapter 1) • Refer to the Real Word Case on eCourier, Cablecom, and Bryan Cave in the chapter. Jay Bregman, CTO and cofounder of eCourier, notes the company hopes their innovative use of technology will become a differentiator in their competitive market. More generally, to what extent do specific technologies help companies gain an edge over their competitors? How easy or difficult would be to imitate such advantages? • Why do big companies still fail in their use of information technology? What should they be doing differently?

  5. Data The transformation process Information 1. Information Systems 1) Introduction What is Information? • Definition of Data • Raw facts, typically about physical phenomena or business transactions • Specifically, objective measurements of the attributes of entities such as number, name, etc. • Definition of Information Facts that are organized and arranged in a meaningful manner. • Data vs. Information (statistical analysis) • Attributes of information • Accuracy • Timeliness • Relevance • Completeness • Reliability • Simplicity • Verifiability • Flexibility • Economy

  6. 1. Information Systems 1) Introduction What is a System? • Definition of System • A set of interrelated components, with a clearly defined boundary, working together to achieve a common set of objectives by accepting inputs and producing outputs in an organized transformation process

  7. 1. Information Systems 1) Introduction What is an Information System? Information System • Definition of Information System • A set of interrelated components which are to collect, process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization

  8. 1. Information Systems 1) Introduction What Does an Information System Do? Input of data Information generating Output First Step Second Step Third Step • An information system performs three general activities • It accepts data from sources as input • It acts on data to process(produce) information : information generating system • The system outputs the information for the user, manager or staff member • Information System Process

  9. 1. Information Systems 2) Components of IS Components of Information System (1/3) Does an Information System Need Computer?

  10. 1. Information Systems 2) Components of IS Components of Information System (2/3) A set of people, data, procedure to provide useful information People Communication of information Information System Data Management of activities Decision making Procedure

  11. 1. Information Systems 2) Components of IS Components of Information System (3/3) • Fund on deposit • Loan balance • Balance financial plan • Loan portfolio Banking database Processor Computer based loan information systems Economic database • Information supplied by applicant for loan • Financial status • Loan details • Employment status • Employment data • Economic data E.g. Components of a Loan Information System

  12. 1. Information Systems 3) General role of IS Why do we study Information Systems?(1/2) Collect, distribute, analyze Data Why? Get information Why? Remove uncertainty Why? Make a good decision Why? Store knowledge

  13. 1. Information Systems 3) General role of IS Why do we study Information Systems?(2/2) Improves efficiency and effectiveness of business processes Vital component of successful businesses Strengthens competitive position in rapidly changing marketplaces Facilitates managerial decision making & workgroup collaboration

  14. 1. Information Systems 3) General role of IS Benefits and Uses of Information Systems Product • Added Value to Products (Goods & Services) • Higher-quality Products Labor • Improved health care & communications • Reduced labor requirements & costs Management • Increased efficiency & productivity • Superior financial decision making, control over, operations, and managerial decision making Quality • Fewer errors • Greater accuracy • Better Safety & Service

  15. 2. Information Systems in Management 1) Problem types Problem Types Definite Output Problem Structure Input Structured Problem Fuzzy Output Problem Structure Input Unstructured Problem User dependent Output Problem Structure Input Semi-structured Problem User Interaction User

  16. 2. Information Systems in Management 2) The relationship between IS and Management What types of Information Systems Exist?

  17. 2. Information Systems in Management 2) The relationship between IS and Management Evolution of IS

  18. 2. Information Systems in Management 3) The role of IS in Management A Business Perspective on Information Systems Organizations Technology Information Systems Management

  19. 2. Information Systems in Management 3) The role of IS in Management Technical & Behavioral Approaches to MIS Technical Approaches Operations Research Computer Science MIS Management Science Sociology Political Science Psychology Behavioral Approaches

  20. Case Study  Click Here Domestic Case

  21. Reference O’Brien & Marakas, “Introduction to Information Systems – Fifteenth Edition”, McGraw – Hill, Chapter 1, pp. 3~42 EuihoSuh, “Introduction to Information Systems (PPT Slide)”, POSMIT Lab. (POSTECH Strategic Management of Information and Technology Laboratory) EuihoSuh, “Information & Management (PPT Slide)”, POSMIT Lab. (POSTECH Strategic Management of Information and Technology Laboratory)

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