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Conférence européenne des régions pour le Climat

Conférence européenne des régions pour le Climat. Energy efficiency in Heat + Electricity co-generation: the Lombardy’s best practices. Yves Gaspar Lombardy Foundation for the Environment Catholic University of Brescia. Lyon, 20 Octobre 2011. Energy use efficiency:

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Conférence européenne des régions pour le Climat

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  1. Conférence européenne des régions pour le Climat Energy efficiency in Heat + Electricity co-generation: the Lombardy’s best practices Yves Gaspar Lombardy Foundation for the Environment Catholic University of Brescia Lyon, 20 Octobre 2011

  2. Energy use efficiency: Performance of thermal engines S. Carnot 1796-1832

  3. η The heat engines QH QH = QC + W W QC

  4. Combined heat & power generation

  5. District Heating in EU – Present Situation

  6. District heating is a convenient way to heating space and tap water. In many processes, for example when electricity is generated or waste is burned, large parts of the energy are set free in the form of surplus heat. The fundamental idea behind modern district heating is to recycle this surplus heat which otherwise would be wasted- from electricity production, from fuel and biofuel-refining, and from different industrial processes. Furthermore, district heating can make use of the many kinds of renewables (biomass, geothermal, solar thermal). DH has an average market share of 10 percent in Europe, but it is particularly widespread in North, Central and Eastern Europe, where market shares often reach 50 percent and more. District Heating in EU – Present Situation

  7. District Heating in EU – Present Situation • At present 69% of the primary energy demand in EU is originated in urban areas, where the DH benefits are higher. • More than 83% of heat delivered by DH systems is originated by “surplus heat”, CHP and renewable energies. DH contibutes to the reduction of primary energy demand and CO2 emissions in EU. • At present DH in the EU saves 0,9 EJ/year of primary energy and avoids 113 Mt/year of CO2 emission • Ecoheatcool project, co-financed by the European Commission, confirms the possibility of saving an extra 400 Mton/year of CO2 (corresponding to 9.3% CO2 reduction, more than the whole Kyoto target) and an extra 2,1 EJ/year of primary energy (equivalent to the annual energy balance of Sweden) with more District Heating and Cooling across 32 European countries.

  8. BRESCIA Municipality of Brescia Province of Brescia

  9. BRESCIA DISTRICT HEATING – EXISTING SITUATION C.le Nord 1 km 40 Mm3 heated volume 620 km of double pipe 19.500 connected buildings 130.000 inhabitants supplied 695 MWt of installed power 223 MWe of electrical installed power (CHP) C.le Lamarmora Termoutilizzatore

  10. BRESCIA DISTRICT HEATING – ANNUAL GROWTH HEATED VOLUME (10^6 m3) YEAR

  11. BRESCIA DISTRICT HEATING 2008 OPERATIONAL DATA Heat supplied by district heating: at customer boundaries: 1.053 GWht at power plant boundaries: 1.292 GWht Cogenerated electricity: 857 GWhe Maximum heat produced (5 gennaio 2009): 560 MWt

  12. BRESCIA DISTRICT HEATING

  13. 100 % 650 kWh 1000 kg ~ 60 % 1000 kWh TERMOUTILIZZATORE BRESCIA- Integrated Waste Management

  14. TERMOUTILIZZATORE (The waste to energy plant of Brescia)

  15. TERMOUTILIZZATORE (The waste to energy plant of Brescia) OPERATIONS DATA 2008: Treated waste ( of which biomass 274.000 tons ) Electricity production (net) District heating Fossil fuels saving (Tons of Oil Equivalent) CO2 avoided emissions 801.000 tons 570 Gwhel 568 Gwhth > 150.000 TOE > 400.000 tons

  16. Brescia DH developments: NOx Reduction IMPLEMENTED NOx CONTROL IN BRESCIA WTE (since 1998) • PRIMARY • low combustion excess air • 30 compartment grate • infrared camera for optimization of air supply • flue gas recirculation • SECONDARY (NOx reduction) • SNCR (NH3 injection with 27 nozzles, positioned at three levels)

  17. TERMOUTILIZZATORE (The waste to energy plant of Brescia) STACK EMISSIONS

  18. STUDIO DI DISPERSIONE ATMOSFERICA DI INQUINANTI EMESSI SUL TERRITORIO BRESCANO Comune di Brescia – Università degli Studi di Brescia Fig 47 – Riduzione della media annuale di PM10(µg/m3) conseguente all’introduzione del teleriscaldamento

  19. BRESCIA DISTRICT HEATING FUTURE developmentS - SCENARIO 2020 - HEATED VOLUME: 45 Mm3 MAXIMUM PEAK OF HEAT REQUIRED: 720 MWt ANNUAL THERMAL ENERGY REQUIRED: 1.791 GWht

  20. Brescia DH developments: NOx Reduction HIGH DUST SCR HIGH DUST SCR LOCATION

  21. Brescia DH developments: NOx Reduction SCR “HIGH DUST” 2nd PHASE TEST RESULTS (preliminary) 2 SCR LAYER (24 months operation): • NOx: 80  60 mg/Nm3 • NH3 slip: 12  1 - 4 mg/Nm3 • NH3 consumption: 0.22  0.20 m3/h (25% concentrated) • PRESSURE LOSS: < 2 m bar

  22. Brescia DH developments: NOx Reduction SCR HIGH DUST ON THE COAL BOILER OF LAMARMORA PLANT • BOILER THERMAL POWER: 200 MW • FLUE GAS FLOW: 230 KNm3/h • NOX EMISSION: 500 mg/Nm3 EXPECTED NOx EMISSION AFTER DENOX INSTALLATION: < 150 mg/Nm3

  23. MILANO DISTRICT HEATING UPDATED 31/12/2008 19,8 Mm3 heated volume 143 km of double pipe 1.240 connected buildings 200.000 inhabitants supplied 639 MWt of installed power 80 MWe of electrical installed power (CHP)

  24. MILANO DISTRICT HEATING – FUTURE DEVELOPMENT HEAT PUMP PLANT

  25. MILANO DISTRICT HEATING – FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

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