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Let ’s make a case for cases!

Let ’s make a case for cases!. Die Fantastischen Vier. There are four cases in German: Nominative Accusative Dative Genitive Each serves a certain purpose English used to have cases, too, but over time, most elements of case have been weeded out

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Let ’s make a case for cases!

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  1. Let’s make a case for cases!

  2. Die FantastischenVier • There are four cases in German: • Nominative • Accusative • Dative • Genitive • Each serves a certain purpose • English used to have cases, too, but over time, most elements of case have been weeded out • Some remnants remain, for example: he (subjective) / him (objective) / his (possessive—don’t confuse with genitive!)

  3. Nominative • This is the subject of the sentence. • Answers the question: Wer? [Who?] • Who did the action in the sentence? • Example: • Ichgebedir den Ball. • I’m the one doing the giving. I’m the subject. I’m the nominative noun.

  4. Accusative • This is the direct object. • Answers the question: Wen? [Whom?] • Who or what is being acted upon? • Example: • Ichgebedirden Ball. • Who or what am I giving? I’m giving the ball.

  5. Dative • This is the indirect object. • Answers the question: Wem? [to whom? / for whom?] • Whom am I doing the action to? • Example: • Ichgebedir den Ball. • I’m giving the ball to you. You’re the one getting the thing I’m giving.

  6. Genitive • This shows possession, but it’s very rare in modern German texts. • Answers the question: Wessen? [Whose?] • Das Auto meinesBrudersistwegendes Unfallskaputt.

  7. Accusative Prepositions • If you use one of these prepositions, the object of this preposition must be in accusative. • durch: durchden Monsun • für: fürdas Kind • gegen: gegen die Wand • ohne: ohne Grenzen • um: um die Stadt • bis: bis den Sommer • entlang: den Fluss entlang

  8. Dative Prepositions • The object of these prepositions is ALWAYS dative. • aus: ausdemWeg • außer: außer dir • bei: bei meinem Freund • gegenüber: gegenüber dem Hotel • mit: mit • nach: nach der Wiedervereinigung • seit: seit dem Krieg • von: von mir • zu: zu der Zeit

  9. Two-Way Prepositions • These prepositions like being dative or accusative, depending on how they’re being used. • Dative for when they‘re showing motion; accusative for when they’re showing location. • Compare: • Ichgehe in das Café. (I’m walking into the café. = motion into the café.) • Ichsitze in einem Café. (I’m sitting in a café. = not moving) • Prepositions: • an • auf • hinter • in • neben • über • unter • vor • zwischen

  10. Genitive Prepositions • In spoken German, you may hear these used with dative, but these are technically genitive prepositions: • (an)statt: statt der Angst • trotz: trotz der Tatsache • wegen: wegen des Wetters • während: während des Tages

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