Cells: The Basic Unit of Life

1. Cells: The Basic Unit of Life

2. Organization of Life • Everything has a least one cell • Many living things exist as only one cell • Other living things may have trillions of cells

3. What is the world’s largest cell?

4. The egg! • The first cell of a chicken is the yolk with a tiny white dot in it. • It is surrounded by a clear jellylike fluid called egg white. • The white dot divides over and over again to become a chick.

5. We are made up of about 100 trillion cells. • We have about 200 different kind of cells and each is specialized to do a particular job • Examples: blood cells, bone cells, nerve cells, skin cells

6. Tissue • A group of cells working in a team to perform a specific job. • The material around and between the cells is also part of the tissue. • Examples: blood, fat, muscle

7. Organs • When two or more tissues work together to perform a specific job, the group of tissue is called an organ. • Examples: stomach, intestines, heart, lungs, skin

8. Plants have different kinds of tissues that work together. • The leaf is a plant organ, so is the stem and roots.

9. Organ Systems • Organs working together to perform particular jobs. • Examples: digestive system, respiratory system,

10. Organisms: Independent Living • Anything that can live on its own is an organism. • A single cell living on its own is called unicellular. • An organism that exist only as a group of cells is called multicellular.

11. Populations • A group of organisms of the same kind living in the same area. • Examples: deer population in a forest, people in a specific town or city, oak trees in a forest

12. Communities • Two or more populations living in the same area • Example: foxes, oak trees, lizards, flowers, and many more make up the forest community. • People, dogs, cats, and many more organism make your hometown community

13. Ecosystem It is the community and all of the nonliving things that effect it, such as water, soil, temperature, and light.

14. Complete the following sentence. • Cells are related to _____________ in the same way that _____________ are related to organ system.

15. Cell Theory • In 1839 Theodor Schwann wrote the first two parts of the cell theory: All organisms are composed on one or more cells. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things. In 1858 Rudolf Virchow wrote the third theory: All cells come from existing cells.

16. What do all cells have? • Cell membrane- controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell • DNA-controls all the activities of the cell and contains the information need for new cells. • Cytoplasm-the fluid and almost everything in it • Organelles-structures within the cell

17. Prokaryotic No nucleus No membrane covered organelles Circular DNA Bacteria Eukaryotic Nucleus Membrane covered organelles Linear DNA All other cells Two Types of Cells

18. Animal Cell

19. Cell membrane Lysosomes Nucleus Nucleolus Nuclear membrane vacuoles mitochondria Golgi body Cytoplasm Ribosomes Smooth ER Rough ER centrosomes Organelles in Animal Cell

20. Plant Cell

21. Cell wall Cell membrane Vacuoles (large) Nucleus Nucleolus Nuclear membrane Chloroplasts mitochondria Cytoplasm Amyloplast Centrosome Rough ER Smooth ER Ribosomes Golgi body Organelles In Plant CellOrganelles in yellow are only found in plant cells

22. Bacteria Cells

23. Structure of Bacteria Cell

24. Nucleolus The nucleolus primary function is to assemble ribosomes, is the largest structure in the cell nucleus.