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HW # 23 - Cornell notes- due Tuesday from the book CH 14, section 1 p. 552-561

Week 6, Day Three. HW # 23 - Cornell notes- due Tuesday from the book CH 14, section 1 p. 552-561 from the end of this power point Warm up Review your levers packet. Warm up Response See. Homework Response/Check. Share two things that you learned from yesterday’s lab activity.

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HW # 23 - Cornell notes- due Tuesday from the book CH 14, section 1 p. 552-561

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  1. Week 6, Day Three HW # 23- Cornell notes- due Tuesday from the book CH 14, section 1 p. 552-561 from the end of this power point Warm up Review your levers packet.

  2. Warm up Response See

  3. Homework Response/Check Share two things that you learned from yesterday’s lab activity

  4. Goals for Today • Quiz • Bill Nye • Read/Do Blood Bean Demo

  5. Cornell NotesThe Body’s Transport System

  6. Circulatory System Consists of… • Blood Vessels • Blood • Heart

  7. Circulatory System • Carries needed substances to cells • Carries waste products away • Blood has cells that fight disease

  8. Circulatory System BLOOD VESSELS

  9. Two Pathways • Pulmonary Circulation • Carries blood to lungs and back • Systemic Circulation • Carries blood to body and back

  10. Capillaries of head and arms Superior vena cava Pulmonary artery Aorta Pulmonary vein Capillaries of left lung Capillaries of right lung Inferior vena cava Capillaries of abdominal organs and legs

  11. Your Blood Vessels: Pathway of Circulation • 3 types of vessels • Arteries • Capillaries • Veins

  12. Arteries:carries blood Away from heart • Large • Thick-walled, Muscular • Elastic • Oxygenated blood • Exception Pulmonary Artery • Carried under great pressure • Steady pulsating Arterioles: smaller vessels, enter tissue

  13. Capillaries • Smallest vessel • Microscopic • Walls one cell thick • Nutrients and gases diffuse here

  14. Veins:Carries blood to heart • Carries blood that contains waste and CO2 • Exception pulmonary vein • Blood not under much pressure • Valves to prevent much gravity pull Venules: larger than capillaries

  15. Varicose VeinsDamaged Valves in Veins

  16. Contractions of the heart = blood pressure Valves in the heart prevent backflow of blood

  17. Structure of Heart • Four chambers • Two upper (Atria) • Walls thinner • Less muscular • Two lower (Ventricles) • Walls thicker • More muscular • Do more work

  18. Circulatory System • BLOOD

  19. What is Blood? • Blood Simulation

  20. The Blood • Body contains 4-6 L • Consists of • Water • Red Blood Cells • Plasma • White blood cells and platelets

  21. Plasma Platelets White blood cells Red blood cells Whole Blood Sample Sample Placed in Centrifuge Blood Sample That Has Been Centrifuged

  22. Plasma Platelets White blood cells Red blood cells Whole Blood Sample Sample Placed in Centrifuge Blood Sample That Has Been Centrifuged

  23. Plasma Platelets White blood cells Red blood cells Whole Blood Sample Sample Placed in Centrifuge Blood Sample That Has Been Centrifuged

  24. Parts of the Blood

  25. Oxygen in the Blood • Hemoglobin, iron containing molecule • Loosely picks up oxygen in the lungs • Loses oxygen in areas low in oxygen (diffuses)

  26. Carbon Dioxide in the Blood • Hemoglobin carries CO2 also • CO2 is a waste product of cellular work • 70% of CO2 combines with water • The rest travels to the lungs

  27. What does blood contain? • 50% Water • 45% Erythrocytes • 4% Plasma with Substances • 1% Leukocytes + Platelets

  28. Erythrocytes (RBC) (optional info) • Transporters of • Oxygen • Carbon Dioxide • RBC • Lack a nucleus • Contain hemoglobin • Disk-shaped • RBC are produced in red bone marrow of • ribs, • humerus, • femur, • sternum, and other long bones • Lives for 120 days • Old RBC are destroyed in liver and spleen

  29. Leukocytes (WBC) (optional info) • WBC fight infection • Attack foreign substances • Less abundant • Large cells • Some live for months • Most just a few days • Several types • ALL contain nuclei

  30. Platelets • PLATELETS are for CLOTTING blood • Cell fragments • Produced in bone marrow • Short life span (1 week) • Fibrin (sticky network of protein fibers) • Form a web trapping blood cells

  31. Blood Clotting Break in Capillary Wall Blood vessels injured. Clumping of Platelets Platelets clump at the site and release thromboplastin. Thromboplastin converts prothrombin into thrombin.. Clot Forms Thrombin converts fibrinogen into fibrin, which causes a clot. The clot prevents further loss of blood..

  32. Elaboration • Blood Typing: To Clump or Not to Clump?

  33. Blood Types • Massive loss of blood requires a transfusion • Four Types • A • B • AB • O • Inherited from your parents

  34. Blood Types

  35. What happens when you mix blood types? • Plasma contains proteins that correspond to the shape of the different antigens • If you mix one type with the wrong one, you get CLUMPING • Type O is the universal donor • Type AB is the universal acceptor

  36. What Makes Our Blood Type?

  37. Blood Transfusions Blood Type of Recipient Blood Type of Donor A B AB O A B AB O Unsuccessful transfusion Successful transfusion

  38. Rh Factor • Rhesus factor (Rh), also inherited • Rh+ (have antigen) • Rh- (NO antigen) • Can cause complications in pregnancies • mother Rh- 1st baby Rh+ : blood mixes with mother; mother’s body makes anti-Rh+ antibodies • 2nd Rh + body attacks baby • Now have medicine to prevent antibody formation

  39. Bloods Path Through the Heart • Both Atria fill at same time • Rt atrium receives oxygen POOR blood from body from vena cava • Left atrium receives oxygen RICH blood from lungs through four pulmonary veins • After filled with blood atria contract, pushing blood into ventricle

  40. Both ventricles contract Right ventricle contracts and pushes oxygen-poor blood toward lungs, • against gravity, • through pulmonary arteries

  41. Bloods Path Through the Heart (cont) Left ventricle contracts and forces oxygen rich blood • out of heart through • aorta (largest vessel)

  42. Control of the Heart(Nervous System) (optional information) • Medulla oblongata regulates rate • Sensory cells stretch when too fast • Pressure drops when beat is too low

  43. Heartbeat Regulation • Force of blood from left ventricle into arteries (pulse) • Pacemaker (SA Node), group of cells at top of right atrium • Electrical impulse, signals BOTH atria to contract • Triggers 2nd set of cells (AV Node)-base of the right atrium to send message to ventricles, they contract • EkG – record of electrical changes in the heart

  44. Your Blood: Fluid Transport(optional information) • a Tissue • 50% water • 4% dissolved substances • Liquid Portion Carries • Blood cells • Erythrocytes (RBC - red blood cells) • Leucocytes (WBC - white blood cells) • Platelets (non cellular particles) • Proteins • Enzymes • Hormones – Endocrine System • Nutrients - Digestive System • Gases - Respiratory System • Inorganic salts

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