1 / 32

The Science behind the Earthquake and Tsunami of Dec. 26, 2004

The Science behind the Earthquake and Tsunami of Dec. 26, 2004 Rob McCaffrey Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute STANYS Conference Nov. 7, 2005 Largest Known Quakes 2005 Nias Kuala Lumpur 2004 (9.3) Aceh Singapore 1892 (7.6) 1866 (8.5) Sumatra 2005 (8.7) Jakarta 1833 (9)

johana
Download Presentation

The Science behind the Earthquake and Tsunami of Dec. 26, 2004

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Science behind the Earthquake and Tsunami of Dec. 26, 2004 Rob McCaffrey Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute STANYS Conference Nov. 7, 2005

  2. Largest Known Quakes 2005 Nias

  3. Kuala Lumpur 2004 (9.3) Aceh Singapore 1892 (7.6) 1866 (8.5) Sumatra 2005 (8.7) Jakarta 1833 (9) Bock et al., AGU, 2005.

  4. How much did the ground move?

  5. The Island of Jawi-jawi off the coast of Sumatra

  6. 2005 1989

  7. Velocities from 1991-2004 Mw 9.23 Dec 26, 2004 Mw 8.7 Mar 28, 2005 Bock et al., AGU, 2005.

  8. Bock et al., AGU, 2005.

  9. Bock et al., AGU, 2005.

  10. Bock et al., AGU, 2005.

  11. Slip distribution of Dec 2004 quake from seismic waves from surface displacements (40 days later) Data from Subarya et al., Nature, in press, 2005.

  12. Survey mode GPS coseismic displacements – December 26 earthquake Data from Subarya et al., Nature, in press, 2005.

  13. All of northern Sumatra moved by about 3 meters or more! Data from Subarya et al., Nature, in press, 2005.

  14. At southern end of slip region, lifting and extreme tilting of the island indicates the edge of the slip area is abrupt. Data from Subarya et al., Nature, in press, 2005.

  15. Simeulue NIAS 2005 quake mostly deeper and beneath land (Nias) Simeulue NIAS Data from Subarya et al., Nature, in press, 2005.

  16. Kuala Lumpur 2004 (9.2) Aceh Singapore 2005 (8.7) 1866 (8.5) Sumatra Jakarta 1833 (9) ? Bock et al., AGU, 2005.

  17. Mechanical Barriers to Seismic Rupture India Plate Australia Plate Sieh and Natawidjaja, 2000

  18. Tsunami = “harbor wave”

  19. Wave speed proportional to ( g h )1/2 (g = gravity, h = wave height) By conservation of energy, wave height proportional to h-1/4 The top of the wave outruns the bottom!

  20. Tsunami Animation

  21. Pacific Warning System

  22. Normal tide gauge record Record with passing tsunami

  23. Kashmir earthquake of Oct 8 2005

  24. US Pacific Northwest Offshore Oregon and Washington there sits a loaded subduction zone similar to the Sumatra subduction zone.

  25. Sumatra fault area superimposed on US Pacific Northwest

  26. Lose the seat, move your feet!

More Related