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Community Youth Development

Community Youth Development. Ben Silliman, Ph.D. Associate Professor and Extension Specialist Department of 4-H Youth Development, NCSU. Youth developing in communities… what a novel idea!. Community Youth Development (CYD): Where did that come from?.

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Community Youth Development

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  1. Community Youth Development Ben Silliman, Ph.D. Associate Professor and Extension Specialist Department of 4-H Youth Development, NCSU

  2. Youth developing in communities… what a novel idea!

  3. Community Youth Development (CYD): Where did that come from? • Traditional socialization patterns: hard work, and maybe a little schooling • Traditional intervention: focus on the problem, deal with the consequences • Traditional education: instruct in time-honored knowledge and logic

  4. Community Youth Development: Where did that come from? • Changing socialization patterns: decreased family work/increased leisure, child-centered focus on school success, leadership • Changing intervention patterns: resources concentrated on prevention, intensive treatment for a few • Changing schooling: efficiency and practicality applied to Classical education

  5. Community Youth Development(Perkins, et al., 2003) “…purposely creating environments that provide constructive, affirmative, and encouraging relationships that are sustained over time with adults and peers, while concurrently providing an array of opportunities that enable youth to build their competencies and become engaged as partners in their own development as well as the development of their communities.” (p. 6)

  6. 4X Definition of CYD (Perkins, et al., 2003: 6-8) • Ongoing, interactive processes synchronized with developmental capacities, fostering • Caring/Compassion • Competence • Character • Connection • Confidence

  7. 4X Definition of CYD (Perkins, et al., 2003: 6-8) • Philosophy of asset-building, risk-prevention, youth engagement

  8. 4X Definition of CYD (Perkins, et al., 2003: 6-8) • Planned and continuous sequence of activities that is developmentally appropriate, holistic, inclusive, engaging

  9. 4X Definition of CYD (Perkins, et al., 2003: 6-8) • Partner-interactive: investing in youth as full and consistent contributors of direction, insight, energy, and effort in policy, public opinion and values, organizational practice, youth culture

  10. Community Youth Development(Small & Memmo, 2004) • Prevention/Resilience Tradition • Deficit model, limited audience • Youth Development Tradition • Middle class, client services • Community Youth Development • Engagement beyond risks & assets

  11. Community Youth Development • Principles (Pittman, 1992, 2000b) • “Problem-free is not fully prepared.” • “Fully prepared is not fully participating.” • “Individually involved is not community engaged.”

  12. Applications ofCommunity Youth Development • 4-H GIS Club & Project Development • Afterschool Council • Advocates who don’t represent themselves well • DJJDP Youth Development Centers: Where’s the Community?

  13. Supports and Opportunities: The Community Action Framework for YD(Gambone, Klem, & Connell, 2002) Build Capacity, Improve YD Conditions Increase Outcomes  Youth S&O  Implement Nutrition, Health Improve YA Support Safety, Support Outcomes Strategies Involvement Challenge

  14. Community Action Framework • Theory Sources • Existing Frameworks (Ecological Model, Risk and Resiliency, Change Theory) • Research on adolescent development • Innovative programming (PPV Community Change for YD, CYD&PR YD Mobilization, Search Institute Asset Model, National Urban League Community Youth Development, DR&P Communities That Care, NYD SF Beacons & YD Learning Network)

  15. Community Action Framework • Data Sources • Michigan Study of Adult Life Transitions, 1984-97(15% poverty, range of middle class Whites, 11-23) • Maryland Adolescent Development in Context Study, 1991-98(6% poverty, most middle-upper middle class African American, Whites, 11-20)

  16. Community Action Framework • Youth Development as a Function of Supports and Opportunities • Economic Self-sufficiency • Community Involvement • Healthy Family & Social Relationships • Overall Early Adult Success

  17. Community Action Framework • Youth Development Capacities in the Context of Supports and Opportunities • Productive • School engagement & performance, use of free time, life skills, work • Connected • Connected to adults, peers, organizations and institutions

  18. Community Action Framework • Youth Development Capacities in the Context of Supports and Opportunities • Navigating • Competence in social settings, risk taking, coping and reaction to challenge

  19. Community Action Framework • Youth Development as a Platform for Young Adult Development • Economic Self-sufficiency • Community Involvement • Healthy Family & Social Relationships • Overall Early Adult Success

  20. Community Action Framework • Youth Development as a Platform for Young Adult Development • Economic Self-sufficiency • Education, Living Wage, Discretionary Resources, Not on Welfare, Job Satisfaction • Community Involvement • Law-abiding citizen, Organization member, Interact with neighbors, Vote

  21. Community Action Framework • Youth Development as a Platform for Young Adult Development • Healthy Family & Social Relationships • Physical & Mental Health, Good parents, Dependable family & friend networks, Healthy romantic/marital relationships

  22. Community Action Framework Youth Development Thresholds for Young Adult Developmental Outcomes Productive in School, Community, Work • Risk: Grades of C or below, minimal attendance and engagement in school • Optimal: Two or more positive indicators (grades, engagement, extracurricular)

  23. Community Action Framework Youth Development Thresholds for Young Adult Developmental Outcomes Connected with Caring Family, Adults, and Peers • Risk: Problems in one or more relationships (family, teachers, friends) • Optimal: Strong relationships with two or more networks and not at risk

  24. Community Action Framework Youth Development Thresholds for Young Adult Developmental Outcomes Navigating Challenges • Risk: One or more markers of failures to navigate (delinquency, emotional distress, inconsistent problem solving) • Optimal: Low levels of risk behaviors, consistently effective problem solving

  25. Community Action Framework Implications for Youth Development Programming • Promote positive development, early intervention, meaningful involvement • Strengthen networks of support • Provide training and support for coping and thriving

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