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Iris Recognition

Iris Recognition . Sathya Swathi Mabbu Long N Vuong. Topics. Technique of iris recognition Attacks Implementation Advantages & Disadvantages. Why Iris Recognition?. Iris patterns are unique. Iris patterns do not change with age. Non Contact approach.

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Iris Recognition

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  1. Iris Recognition Sathya Swathi Mabbu Long N Vuong

  2. Topics • Technique of iris recognition • Attacks • Implementation • Advantages & Disadvantages

  3. Why Iris Recognition? • Iris patterns are unique. • Iris patterns do not change with age. • Non Contact approach. • Simplicity and ease of implementation. • Speed – the process of matching the iris patterns is very fast.

  4. Technique Step 1: Capturing the image of the eye using a camera. Step 2: Differentiating the outline of the iris and the sclera, and the pupil from the iris. Step 3: Encoding the image using demodulation (also removes reflections, intrusion of eye lid lashes, contact lens outline etc.,). Code is 256 bytes. sclera iris pupil

  5. Iris pattern - Comparison • Test of Statistical Independence • Compare the iris codes (256*8=2048 bits) of the eyes using the following formula [Code A (XOR) Code B] AND Mask A AND Mask B H.D = Mask A AND Mask B This is called Hamming Distance (H.D).

  6. Speed Performance • On a 300 MHz workstation, the execution times for the steps in iris recognition are listed below, Operation Time • Image focus 15 millisec • Scrub specular reflections 56 millisec • Localize eye and iris 90 millisec • Fit pupillary boundary 12 millisec • Detect both eyelids 93 millisec • Remove lashes and contact lens edges 78 millisec • Demodulation and IrisCode creation 102 millisec • XOR comparison of two IrisCodes 10 micro sec • 100,000 comparisons can be performed in a second. IrisCode is a registered trademark of Iridian Technologies

  7. Attacks 1. Iris patterns printed on contact lens Countermeasure: 2D Fourier Transform

  8. Attacks cont… • Digital Replay attack Countermeasure: Encryption of iris code, database security. Example: Iridian Technologies has established 3DES Encryption as the standard.

  9. Attacks cont… • Picture of an iris Countermeasure: Liveness test ( on command eye movement, pupillary light reflex , red eye effect, light absorption properties of living tissue, hippus etc.,) RED EYE EFFECT

  10. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IRIS RECOGNITION SYSTEM

  11. The Process and Analysis Unit • Each image is given to the P&A Unit for recognition: • Splits the colored image and tests the morphology • Transforms the image in a 3D image • Transforms the image in the frequencies domain • Transforms the image in a multidimensional objects, then the algorithm executes the last analysis to recognize a person

  12. The Largest National Deployment • Iris recognition border-crossing system in the United Arab Emirates (UAE)

  13. Advantages of the Iris for Identification • Highly protected, internal organ of the eye • Externally visible, patterns imaged from a distance • Iris patterns possess a high degree of randomness • Patterns apparently stable throughout life • Encoding and decision-making are tractable

  14. Disadvantages of the Iris for Identification • Small target to acquire from a distance • Moving target…within another…on yet another • Located behind a curved, wet, reflecting surface • Obscured by eyelashes, lenses, reflections • Illumination should not be visible or bright

  15. Why iris recognition is not so famous? • Convenience • Acceptance • Cost

  16. Q & A

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