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Yarn Manufacturing TECHNOLOGY

Yarn Manufacturing TECHNOLOGY. Types of Yarn. Carded Yarn. Combed Yarn. Comparison of Combed Yarn & Carded Yarn. Bale of Fiber. Flow Chart For Carded Yarn. Flow Chart For Combed Yarn. Blow Room.

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Yarn Manufacturing TECHNOLOGY

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  1. Yarn Manufacturing TECHNOLOGY www.AssignmentPoint.com

  2. Types of Yarn • Carded Yarn. • Combed Yarn. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  3. Comparison of Combed Yarn & Carded Yarn www.AssignmentPoint.com

  4. Bale of Fiber www.AssignmentPoint.com

  5. Flow Chart For Carded Yarn www.AssignmentPoint.com

  6. Flow Chart For Combed Yarn www.AssignmentPoint.com

  7. Blow Room Blow Room is called the mother of yarn manufacturing. It consists of a number of machines used in succession to open and clean the cotton fiber to the required degree. 40 to 70% trash is removed in this section. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  8. Blow room line www.AssignmentPoint.com

  9. Bale plucker www.AssignmentPoint.com

  10. Opener www.AssignmentPoint.com

  11. Mixer www.AssignmentPoint.com

  12. Step cleaner www.AssignmentPoint.com

  13. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  14. Objects of Blow Room 1. Opening : • To open the compressed bales of fibers & • To make the cotton tuft a small size as for as possible. 2. Cleaning : • To remove the dirt, dust, broken seeds broken leafs and other foreign materials from the fibers. More… www.AssignmentPoint.com

  15. Objects of Blow Room 3. Blending & Mixing: • To make good value of yarn and to decrease the production cost by mixing different grade of fibers. 4. Lap forming : • To transfer the opened and cleaned fibers into a sheet form of definite width and uniform unit length which is called lap. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  16. TECHNOLOGICAL POINTS IN BLOW ROOM • Opening in blow room means opening into small flocks • The larger the dirt particle , the better they can be removed    • The higher the degree of opening, the higher the degree of cleaning. A very high cleaning effect is almost always purchased at the cost of a high fiber loss. Higher roller speeds give a better cleaning effect but also more stress on the fiber. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  17. Rollers Drums & Beaters www.AssignmentPoint.com

  18. Actions involved in Blow Room 1. Action of opposite spike: (opening) • By The action of opposite spikes opening the cotton fiber is done. 2. Action of Air flow: (Transport + Cleaning) • During processing, the movement of cotton from machines to machine is done by air flow. It also helps the separation of lint and trash. More… www.AssignmentPoint.com

  19. Cleaning by Air flow www.AssignmentPoint.com

  20. Actions involved in Blow Room 3.Action of Beaters: (Cleaning & Opening) • Beaters are responsible for removing almost all of the impurities extracted in the blow room. Beater also helps in opening of cotton fiber. 4.Action of regulating motion: (Uniform output) • The action of regulating motion gives the uniform output. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  21. Cleaning Efficiency • Cleaning efficiency of blow room can be fin out by the following simple calculation. (Input Trash - Output Trash)*100 Input Trash www.AssignmentPoint.com

  22. Problem Find the Blow Room cleaning effy : Raw cotton trash= 6% Lap trash = 1.6% Solve: (6-1.6)*100/6 =73% www.AssignmentPoint.com

  23. Carding Carding may be defined as the reduction of an entangled mass of fibers to a filmy web by working between two closely spaced, relatively moving surface closed with sharp wire points. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  24. Objects of Carding • Opening to individual fibers. • Elimination of Impurities and dust. • Fiber blending. • Sliver formation. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  25. Flow diagram of Carding m/c • A = Cylinder • B = Flat • C = Taker in • D = Feed roller • E = Feed plate • F = Doffer www.AssignmentPoint.com

  26. Actions of Carding m/c 1. Carding Action This is the action between flat & cylinder. • Pin direction: Opposite. • Rotation: Opposite. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  27. Actions of Carding m/c 2. Stripping Action This is the action between Cylinder - Taker in • Pin direction: Same. • Rotation: Same. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  28. Actions of Carding m/c 3. Doffing Action This is the action between Doffer & Cylinder. • Pin direction: Opposite. • Rotation: Same. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  29. Actions of Carding m/c 4. Combing Action This is the action between Feed roller & Taker in. • Pin direction: Same. • Rotation: Same. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  30. Carding Machine www.AssignmentPoint.com

  31. Carding Machine www.AssignmentPoint.com

  32. Draw frame • It is a process of yarn manufacturing in which the sliver is elongated when passing through pairs of rollers, each pair faster than the previous one. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  33. Actions involved in Draw frame: • Drafting: The process of increasing length per unit weight of sliver. It is mainly due to varying speed of the rollers. • Doubling: The process of combining two or more carded sliver into a single form is called doubling. In draw frame m/c generally six to eight slivers are fed and converted into one. • Drawing = Drafting + Doubling. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  34. TASKS OF DRAW FRAME • Through draft fibers get parallelized • Hooked fibers are straightened. • Through the suction ,intensive dust removal is achieved. • Blending can be done here. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  35. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  36. Drawing Machine www.AssignmentPoint.com

  37. Find out the production/shift in lbs of a modern draw frame, from the following particulars: Delivery speed = 600 m/min, No of delivery/frame = 2, Draft = 8, No of doubling = 8, Feed sliver wt = 0.01 lb/Yd, Efficiency = 90% Solution: Draft= (Feed wt/Delivery wt)* Doubling So, Delivery wt= (Feed wt/ Draft)* Doubling So, Delivery wt= (0.01/8)* 8 = 0.01 lb/yd Production = 600 m/ min = 600*1.09 yds/min = 654 yds/min = 654*0.01 lbs/min = 6.54 lbs/min = 6.54*60*8 lbs/shift = 3139.2 lbs/shift For 90% efficiency and no. of delivery, the ultimate production is, 3139.2*0.9*2 = 5650.56 lb/shift (Ans) www.AssignmentPoint.com

  38. Lap former • Lap former is the machine where lap is produced from slivers. It is necessary for producing combed yarn. Because the output of comber machine is lap. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  39. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  40. Comber • Combing : Combing may be defined as to remove short fibers , neps and remaining impurities of card sliver by using comb with the help of knives, brushes and rollers. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  41. Objects of combing • To remove short fibers below a preselected length so that the spinner enable to produce finer / better yarn. • To remove neps and foreign matter from the cotton / sliver. • Make the fiber straight and parallel. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  42. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  43. Combing figure • A= Feed roller • B= Feed plate • C= Nipper • D= Top comb • E= Detaching roller • F= Cylinder www.AssignmentPoint.com

  44. Combing Action • Firstly, Sliver comes through feed plate, After passing the edge, the nipper comes down to clamp the fiber between feed plate & itself. Then the first combing is done by the cylinder. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  45. Combing Action • Then, nipper moves upward. Sliver feeding starts again. When sliver comes to detaching roller, the rollers give a backward movement to join it with previously combed sliver. That time Top comb comes down and by the forwarding movement of detaching roller, second time combing is done by top comb. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  46. This process is a intermittent process. Because all these are carried out up to 300 times per minute. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  47. Combing Machine www.AssignmentPoint.com

  48. Speed frame • Task of ring frame: • To produce roving from sliver. • To impact strength to the fiber by twisting. • To wind up the resulting roving on to roving bobbin. www.AssignmentPoint.com

  49. Speed frame machine www.AssignmentPoint.com

  50. Operation involved in Speed Frame • Creeling: Sliver feeding with the help of several rollers. 40 drawn slivers can be creeled at a time. • Drafting: To reduce wt per unit length of roving in speed frame so that produces roving can be converted into yarn easily with draft in drafting Zone. For this normally 3 pairs of rollers are used. www.AssignmentPoint.com

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