EMOTIONS

1. EMOTIONS

2. BASIC VOCABULARY Experience feelings, emotions Mind the verbresentwhichmeans ‘not to accept, beangeredat’ Feellikedoing: avoir envie de faire Feel + adj: se sentir Thrills, sensations trigger physicalreactions (tears, sweat, shivering), makeyourhear pound, cause shuddering… Be thrilledwith; beenthousiastic about; bemoved by; beexcited by; bedelighted by; delight in +noun or vb+ing; beunder the impression that; bestricken by; go through ; funny, weird feelings; cause commotion or excitement

3. Sensational= thrilling, exciting, stimulating, hair-raising, astounding, astonishing, staggering, breath-taking, mind-boggling, unbelievable, great, splendid, fablous, incredible, superb, stupendous… Love and hate Love, like, be fond of, relish in, delight in, crave Hate, loath, detest, berepelled by, bedisgusted by, flee, avoid, keepawayfrom, can’t stand, can’tbear, dislike

4. Structures atwork I love seeing thrillers. I enjoybeingscared. I hateseeinghorrormovies. I am not particularly fond of experiencingfear. I amnervous about seeingthis film: itsoundsspooky! I’mafraid of beingalone in a dark place. MAIS: I wouldlike to see more horror films.

5. FEAR Fear, terror, dread, panic, horror, alarm, dismay, apprehension Be sacred out of one’swits; befrightened; givesomeone a fright Dreaddoingsomething Give the gooseflesh Fearful=frightened, terrified, scared, panic-stricken, , nervous, edgy, panicky Fear Fearful Fearsome Fearless Fearfully Fearlessness fearfulness

6. Anxiety= nervousness, concern, uneasiness, disquiet, worry, angst Anger= rage, furry, ire, angst, irritation, vexation, indignation,

7. Fra Angelico, The Last judgment, c. 1430

8. Detail From the dawn of times man has been fascinatedby horrible spectacles and hisowncruelty. Manypaintershave represented the tortures inflicteduponsinners in hell. Writershave delightedin evokinghellishhorrors.

9. The garden of Delights, J. Bosch

10. WHEN FEAR TAKES THE CONTROLS The behaviours that human beings display when they are afraid are very similar from one individual to another, even in different cultures. If something scares us our first reaction is to stop what we were doing. In general, we almost try to assess the actual danger that it represents. We do all of this very quickly, reflexively, without any conscious effort or will. If the danger is real, or poses a real threat, we freeze in place and try to assess whether we can flee or hide. We may also adopt an aggressive defensive behaviour to eliminate the threat or make it go away. This sequence of behaviourstriggered by fear is very common and produces the same physiological responses in all animals.

11. The behavioural responses generated by fear are remarkably well preserved in all vertebrates. Humans who are frightened stop what they were doing, turn toward the source of the threat, then refrain from taking any action during the phase when they are trying to assess the threat. The physiological changes associated with fear are very well preserved in the animal kingdom. These of course include all the changes triggered by the sympathetic nervous system to help us deal with the situation: faster heart rate, faster breathing, dilated pupils, and so on. But there are also other, more subtle phenomena, such as the suppression of pain in the face of danger, which is well documented among soldiers in combat, and lets us concentrate our energies on the highest priority threat. In humans, the basic range of behavioural responses to fear is generally augmented by uniquely human ones that draw on our greater cognitive abilities. But these unique capabilities that our human cortex gives us can also cause us fear, anxiety, and anguish.

12. People who are old enough now to have been aware of the assassination of President Kennedy often remember in astonishing detail exactly where they were and what they were doing when they heard the news. The same thing goes for the September 11 attacks or for any other landmark event with a heavy emotional impact. Psychologists are very familiar with this phenomenon of memories that remain especially clear and refer to them as "flashbulb memories". Now we know that the amygdala, when activated by a significant emotional stimulus, triggers all sorts of bodily responses, including the release of adrenalin by the adrenal glands. It is this adrenalin that helps memories to be encoded more effectively in the hippocampus and the temporal lobe. That is why we are better at remembering things that are important to us, or in other words, things that trigger our emotions.

13. THEME La plupart des gens détestent les films d’horreur. Je n’aime pas être effrayée or prise de panique. Certains adolescents adorent voir des images terrifiantes. Les personnes âgées ont moins de chances d’être enthousiasmées par les films d’horreur que les jeunes. Plus les images sont réalistes, plus les spectateurs sont effrayés. Le plus terrifiant de tous les films que j’ai vu était aussi le plus réaliste. Les gens aiment avoir une peur bleue car cela fait augmenté l’adrénaline dans leur cerveau.

14. Text 2 (booklet) • The textfocuses on / deals with / addresses / is about horror films and why people likethem. • The journalist mentions Paranormal activity 3 becauseitwashighlysuccessful (« record-setting numbers ») and becauseitis a perfecthorror film triggeringtears, sweat and chills. He argues thatit « fillsourlust for horriblysweet sensations ». In otherwords, itfollows the well-knownrecipe (or formula) for horror blockbusters.

15. 3) Fischoffexpalinsthatsuch films enjoytremendoussuccessbecause the audience looks for thrills and loves to bescared. Besides, the viewersrelishhorror all the more as they know they are safe: nothingwillbefallthem, theywillbe back home safe and sound. 4) Edward Campbell saysthatadults are far lesskeen on horrormovies: youths « are more likely to look for intense experience ». The taste for thrills and horrordwindles as people growolder. The hardships and ordeals of real life account for thislack of interest in fictitioushorrors. As adult life isrifewithstrongemotions (unemployment, health issues, etc.), middle-aged people no longer seek out extra thrills!

16. 5) Freud arguedthatwedelight in horrendous spectacles becausetheystagerepressed feelings. Consequentlyhorrorisbothuncanny (spooky and eerie) and familiar as itreminds us of repressedemotions or fantasies. Jung provides a differentexplanation. He considersthathorrorisrelated to the collective unconscious and primordial images of violence. 6) These films are among the ones people like best; theyrankamongst the top favorite horror films.