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Enzymes

Enzymes. Enzyme Active Site. Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions. Enzyme Active Site. Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions. Enzymes.

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Enzymes

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  1. Enzymes

  2. Enzyme Active Site • Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, • Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions

  3. Enzyme Active Site • Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, • Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions

  4. Enzymes • Lock and Key Analogy: lock = enzyme, key = substrate.

  5. Enzymes • Lock and Key Analogy: lock = enzyme, key = substrate.

  6. Induced Fit Theory • Enzyme is not rigid, changes shape with substrate.

  7. Induced Fit Theory • Enzyme is not rigid, changes shape with substrate.

  8. Enzymes - Cofactors • Coenzymes (contain a vitamin) or metal ion

  9. Enzymes - Cofactors • Metal ions present in trace amounts

  10. Enzymes - Cofactors • Metal ions present in trace amounts

  11. Enzyme Cofactors • Coenzyme - non protein organic, maybe a vitamin.

  12. Enzyme Cofactors • Coenzyme - non protein organic, maybe a vitamin.

  13. Enzyme Cofactors • Coenzyme - non protein organic, maybe a vitamin.

  14. Enzymes

  15. Enzymes - Activity • Temperature and pH effect enzyme action

  16. Enzymes - Activity • Temperature and pH effect enzyme action

  17. Enzymes - Activity • Enzyme and substrate concentrations

  18. Enzymes - Inhibitors • Nonspecific - denaturation, pH, temperature

  19. Enzyme Inhibitors • Noncompetitive

  20. Enzyme Inhibitors • Competive - mimic substrate, may block active site, but may dislodge it.

  21. Enzyme Inhibitors • Competive - mimic substrate, may block active site, but may dislodge it.

  22. Enzyme Inhibitors

  23. Enzyme Inhibitors • Irreversible - covalently binds to active site

  24. Enzyme Inhibitors • Regulator or feedback - used to control a sequence of reactions - reaction product may block initial enzyme.

  25. Enzyme Inhibitors • Regulator or feedback - used to control a sequence of reactions - reaction product may block initial enzyme.

  26. Enzyme Inhibitors

  27. Enzyme Inhibitors

  28. Drugs as Enzyme Inhibitors • Drug mimics some natural chemical to block enzyme.

  29. Drugs as Enzyme Inhibitors • Drug mimics some natural chemical to block enzyme.

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